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Role of the Parlement for the Solution of the Epidemic and the Pauperism: Case of Rouen in the 16th and 17th Centuries

  • Korean Review of French History
  • Abbr : KRFH
  • 2007, (17), pp.35~64
  • Publisher : KOREAN SOCIETY FOR FRENCH HISTORY
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Sung-Jae LEE 1

1선문대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The Parlement of Rouen made efforts in order to contribute to social stability in as many area as assistance, public hygiene, security and education. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, expansion of epidemic and multiplication of the poor were the most serious social problems for Rouen as for many other cities in France. Before the 16th century, these problems had been occupied mainly by the Church and religious order. But Parlement began gradually for a good reason of exerting superintendency over public order and controling municipal institutions. However, as we examined, the Parlement didn’t obtain the excellent results in solving the problems as epidemic and poverty. Firstly, the Parlement pronounce constantly laws, but its contents didn’t change much. The fact that similar regulations were repeatedly made means those regulations were not effective. In effect, the Parlement seemed to realize these disappointing performance. Especially, without sufficient financial support, the regulations could not settle the problems. Secondly, we pay attention to the conflict between the Parlement and other social political organizations. The chevins’ discontent concerning budget problem, people’s passive attitude towards toilet, conflicts with Madeleine congregation regarding the administration of Hô̂tel-dieu and noncooperative attitude of doctors didn’t help the Parlement settle social problems notwithstanding its substantial efforts. The existence of these conflicts suggest the possibility that repeated regulations of the Parlement were meant not to solve social problems but to show its political power to other social groups. In effect, the Parlement refuse protestant doctors recommended by chevins and demand catholic doctors to the university of Paris during the period of expansion of epidemic. Notwithstanding sincerity in solving the social problems, the Parlement didn’t ignore the relation with another political groups. Finally, Rouen’s case indicates that the existing studies on conflicts between the Church and Secular authorities concerning the assistance organizations have some limits. There were not only conflicts between the Church and Secular authorities, but also conflicts between Parlement and other social groups such as chevins, doctors and citizens. This shows the limit of dichotomous point of view.

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