KJCKorea
Journal Central

@article{ART001687738},
author={Ji-Hyun PARK},
title={Laicite between the Vichy Government and the Catholic Church},
journal={Korean Review of French History},
issn={1229-702X},
year={2012},
number={27},
pages={123-152},
doi={}

TY - JOUR
AU - Ji-Hyun PARK
TI - Laicite between the Vichy Government and the Catholic Church
JO - Korean Review of French History
PY - 2012
VL - null
IS - 27
PB - KOREAN SOCIETY FOR FRENCH HISTORY
SP - 123
EP - 152
SN - 1229-702X
AB - The objective of this article is to examine the concept of laïcité with reference to the Vichy Government in order to understand the problem of “Hijab Affaire” in France. The Vichy Government had a good partnership with the Catholic Church, and reestablished the law of catholic education(September 4, 1940). This law was against the separation of the church and state (this separation was the principle of the French Republic). However, until now, the French Government was upholding the law passed in 1940, which guarantees the Catholic Church more privileges as compared to those granted to other religions. The French Republic established a law based on laïcité, which provides for the wearing of religious symbols in public schools. Why did the French Republic strictly apply the law with respect to the Hijab Affaire, under the principle of the separation of the church and state?There are three possible answers to this question. First, the Catholic Church had privileges in the past. The Third French Republic had attempted to give the Catholic Church more power than other religions and in 1940, the Vichy Government made and passed laws concerning the educative function of the Catholic Church. Second, the Vichy Government brought back the law passed in 1940 in order to reestablish the former national identity. This Government wanted an educational system that was based on the concept of laïcité. The Catholic Church voluntarily accepted it. These two agencies invented conciliatory laïcité for national education. The Catholic Church was not a universal religion but the traditional and national one in this conciliatory laïcité. Finally, laïcité under the Vichy Government emphasized the national identity and proceeded to have an “exclusive” attitude toward other religions and races. This could have resulted in a policy biased toward anti- Semitism. With respect to this point, we can today observe the double attitude of the French Republic. This attitude has its origins in laïcité practiced by the Vichy Government. Thus, it was necessary to examine the characteristics of laïcité, and how they were different under the Vichy Government and for the Catholic Church.
KW - Vichy Government;Laïcité in France;Catholic Church;Secular Education;National Education;Anti-Semitism;Hijab Affaire
DO -
ER -

Ji-Hyun PARK. (2012). Laicite between the Vichy Government and the Catholic Church. Korean Review of French History, 27, 123-152.

Ji-Hyun PARK. 2012, "Laicite between the Vichy Government and the Catholic Church", Korean Review of French History, no.27, pp.123-152. Available from: doi:

Ji-Hyun PARK "Laicite between the Vichy Government and the Catholic Church" Korean Review of French History 27 pp.123-152 (2012) : 123.

Ji-Hyun PARK. Laicite between the Vichy Government and the Catholic Church. 2012; 27 : 123-152. Available from: doi:

Ji-Hyun PARK. "Laicite between the Vichy Government and the Catholic Church" Korean Review of French History no.27(2012) : 123-152.doi:

Ji-Hyun PARK. Laicite between the Vichy Government and the Catholic Church. Korean Review of French History, 27, 123-152. doi:

Ji-Hyun PARK. Laicite between the Vichy Government and the Catholic Church. Korean Review of French History. 2012; 27 123-152. doi:

Ji-Hyun PARK. Laicite between the Vichy Government and the Catholic Church. 2012; 27 : 123-152. Available from: doi:

Ji-Hyun PARK. "Laicite between the Vichy Government and the Catholic Church" Korean Review of French History no.27(2012) : 123-152.doi: