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The Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts and French Language

  • Korean Review of French History
  • Abbr : KRFH
  • 2022, (47), pp.127~154
  • DOI : 10.51786/RCHF.2022.08.47.127
  • Publisher : KOREAN SOCIETY FOR FRENCH HISTORY
  • Research Area : Humanities > History
  • Received : July 15, 2022
  • Accepted : August 1, 2022
  • Published : August 31, 2022

Kihyung Song 1

1건국대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The year 1539 represents a key moment of French language because the Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts is considered to establish French language as official language. This ordinance aimed however to consolidate royal power by the justice reform. Composed of 192 articles with only one article concerning language, it’s main goal was the abbreviation of trials. The trials delayed too often because the parties could not understand bad Latin used in legal acts. The Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts was the highlight of a series of royal decrees which wanted to replace bad Latin used in legal acts. It is not certain that French mother tongue of the artcle 111 meaned French language only or should interpretated as including regional languages. The Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts contributed to the establishment of French language as official language, but did not ban regional languages. That’s why we can assure that it reflects language policy of the Ancien Régime. It is language policy of the French Revolution, in particular the decree of 2 thermidor, that did declare that French mother tongue of the artcle 111 was French language. The article 111 of the Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts is the oldest legislative provision in the French law and is blamed for oppressing regional languages of France.

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