2004, Vol.19, No.

The Journal of Aesthetics and Science of Art 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.81

pISSN : 1229-0246
https://journal.kci.go.kr/ksasa

Most modern Byzantine scholars have evaluated the second iconoclast controversy negatively. They said that the second iconoclast controversy had no new idea and was exhausted spiritually, so it suffered from the impotence of a bad second. But P. J. Alexander evaluated the second iconoclast controversy very positively based on his study of Nikephoros the Patriarch. The fundamental problem of iconoclasm was to decide what is the nature of the true religious image. Alexander thought that the first iconoclast controversy had failed to grasp the essence of the problem, and that the second iconoclast controversy solved the problem on the basis of Christology. The most important work of the second iconoclast controversy is the On the Holy Icons written by St. Theodore the Studite. In the Three Refutations of the Iconoclasts, St. Theodore touches some points on the relation between prototype and image. He insists on the following : 1. Image and prototype are united through 'shared name'. 2. Image and prototype are united through 'shared likeness'. 3. Image and prototype are united through 'likeness of hypostasis'. Iconoclasts emphasized especially moral beauty, because they thought that moral beauty was the only true image. But St. Theodore confined image only to physical form. He believed that mind ascends through matter. Until the Seventh Ecumenical Council, Seeing (image) and Hearing (word) are esteemed equally. But during the second iconoclast controversy, the iconoclasts preferred hearing to seeing. On the contrary, the iconophiles preferred seeing to hearing. But today we receive the doctrine of the Seventh Ecumenical Council as orthodox teaching.

The Seoul Cathedral of the Anglican Church of korea is the one and only pure Romanesque style building which excels in the altar mosaic and architectonic beauty. There are several western-medieval-style churches in Korea, but they had been built by clergyman's design, so they are compromised or modified in style. But the Seoul Cathedral of the Anglican Church had built by a special English architect's design and supervise, and the most substantial in style. It is appraised as the first Romanesque style building in the Orient, with a touch of traditional Korean architecture. The edge of the eaves, constructed with granite, window frames, and roofing were done in Korean style. This building was constructed in 1926 by its third bishop Mark Trollope, but has been left unfinished because of financial difficulties, however, it was completed on May 2nd, 1996. The Purpose of this study is to examine the architectural style and the aesthetics of light of inner space of the church. I had investigated the background and process of decision on the style, and the characteristic of spacial organization. And I dealt with the role, the significance and the problem of harmony of the altar mosaic and stained glass.