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Robert Rauschenberg and Ruth Asawa's Material Study : Influences from Josef Albers's Theory of Interaction

  • The Journal of Aesthetics and Science of Art
  • Abbr : JASA
  • 2016, 48(), pp.179-214
  • DOI : 10.17527/JASA.48.0.06
  • Publisher : 한국미학예술학회
  • Research Area : Arts and Kinesiology > Other Arts and Kinesiology
  • Published : August 31, 2016

Sae-Mi Cho 1

1상명대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This thesis aims to analyze how Josef Albers (1888-1976)'s Design Course effected on Robert Rauschenberg (1925-2008) and Ruth Asawa (1926-2013) who were Albers's pupils at Black Mountain College, North Carolina in the late 1940's. Based on teaching experience at Bauhaus, Albers developed an objective methodology that examines possibility of perceptual interaction. Albers's Design Course consisted of matière exercise and material exercise. Matière exercise concerned with the surface of the material, of which method was combination and displacement. Rauschenberg applied this process to his Combine, and this methodology provided the works to convey a specific characteristic of indifference and critical detachment. On the other hand, the material exercise concerned with the capacity of materials. Asawa experimented everyday materials such as paper and wire also heavily used at Design Course for her construction. Integrated with concept of weaving in space, Asawa created works not only concerning technical property of the materials but also developing an understanding and feeling for space. Moreover Rauschenberg and Asawa share something in common, which they made works inquisitive of the boundary of genre of art; Rauschenberg's Combine made one examining if the work was painting or sculpture, and Asawa's wire structure had one questioning if the work was sculpture or craft. Design Course not only was a training to improve an adaptability in constructive thinking but also performed as a foundation for a new kind of art. By analyzing the relationships between Albers's Design Course and Rauschenberg and Asawa, this essay demonstrates the validity and effect of Albers's perceptual theory on new art making.

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