2008, Vol.17, No.1

Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.51

pISSN : 1225-7184
https://journal.kci.go.kr/kseia

Non-point pollution is caused by many diffusive sources, unlike a point pollution derivedfrom industrial wastewater treatment plants or sewage treatment plants. Runoff of non-pointpollutants is originated from rainfall or thawing in short period of time moving over andthrough the a ground surface. They cause ill effect on the quality of neighboring aquaticenvironment. To prevent effectively the wash off from non-point pollutant, it should beimmediately reduced at the source or be treated after gathering of runoff water. This study hasbeen carried out for the best width of riparian buffer zone. So we implemented the experimentin terms of its depth, width and kind of vegetations and calculated the reduction of pollutantsloading. The experimental zone encompasses the watershed of Namhan River (KyunggidoYangpyunggun Byungsanri). The region was divided into 5 land cover sectors : grass, reed,pussy willow, mixed(grass+pussy willow) and natural zone to compare effectiveness ofvegetation. Water samples from four points have been collected in different depths. And thepollutant removal efficiency by sectors with different plant species was yielded throughinfluent with one of each sample. And we obtained the correlation between the width ofriparian buffer zone and the removal efficiency of pollutants. Using correlation result, the widthof riparian buffer zones which needs to improve the water quality of river could be derived.

The Korea Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) system was introduced in 1977 throughthe Environmental Conservation Act. It has progressed through many laws and regulationspromoting the balance between development and conservation, and functioning as aPreventitive environmental policy. Despite the efforts to minimize environmental damage fromdevelopment and to uplift social awareness of environmental preservation, deficientimpartiality and objectivity in completing and investigating environmental assessments, therehave continously existed conflicts among related stakeholder, neglecting arrangements andineffectiveness of public participation. This research present EIA obstacles and analyzes theoverall status of the EIA through surveys from related experts. On the basis of this research, theactual complications regarding the developer, public participation, examiner and consultant arebrought about. Also, remedies are proposed to ensure effective EIAs and restore confidence in them.

This review was made to discuss the issues of ecological restoration and environmentalimpact assessment (EIA) related to the preservation of natural environment, the central themeexpressed in the National Anthem of Korea. The authors notice that the key word or the centralphilosophy contained in the verses of the National Anthem of Korea is the preservation ofnational land and eternal identity for future generations, which is thought to be pursued throughthe attainment of ecological sustainability. A conceptual model for the sustainable managementof natural ecosystems was suggested for the efficient utilization and the preservation of them,whose activities should be promoted by those of conservation and restoration instead ofdestructive development and negligence, respectively. Here, the preservation of naturalenvironment can be directly pursued through the restoration of degraded ecosystems andlandscapes and the utilization of natural environment can be directly pursued through theconservation of natural resources and wise management of natural ecosystems and landscapes.After reviewing the major characteristics and activities of the restoration of degraded ecosystemsand landscapes, discussion was further extended to points for the promotion of the EIAactivities. To point out some of them, it is needed for the public to better understand the natureof sustainable management of natural environment, for the society to put extensive energy andresources in the restoration of degraded ecosystems and landscapes, and for the government to install higher levels of ministries than that of the Ministry of Environment in dealing with the issues related to the ‘preservation’ of national land, people, culture and the security of the sustainability for future generations, where EIA and strategic environment assessment (SEA) can directly contribute to the sustainability of the country and future generations.