2010, Vol.19, No.1

Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.51

pISSN : 1225-7184
https://journal.kci.go.kr/kseia

Ammonia (NH3) is an important pollutant that plays a key role in several air pollution problems. It can create odors and have negative impacts on animal and human health. The largest source contributing to Ammonia emission is the agricultural production, in particular animal operation, in Korea. The present study evaluated flux profiles of Ammonia emitted from the cattle housing using a dynamic flux chamber. We have developed the emission factor of Ammonia from the cow housing. Analysis of Ammonia flux variation was made with respect to manure surface temperature, pH, and ammonium concentration. Ammonia has been measured from calf and cattle housing between October and December in 2007. In the fall, average Ammonia flux from calf and cattle housing was estimated 1.342(±0.728) and 1.323(±0.655)mg/m2/min, respectively. In the winter, average Ammonia flux was estimated 0.889(±0.362)mg/m2/min from the calf housing and 0.925(±0.511)mg/m2/min from the cattle housing. The correlation coefficient between Ammonia flux and ammonium concentration showed stronger relationship than the relationship between manure pH and temperature. In the fall,Ammonia emission factor from calf and cattle housing was estimated 4.46(±2.39) and 6.03(±3.27)kg-NH3/animal/yr, respectively. In the winter, average Ammonia flux was estimated 2.88(±1.53) from the calf housing and 4.24(±1.63)kg-NH3/animal/yr from the cattle housing.

Because deterioration of air quality and urban heat island directly harm health of citizens,Health Impact Assessment (HIA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for urban development projects needs to conduct analysis of their impacts objectively. This study aims to review appropriate methods for assessment of air quality used at each stage of urban development and to investigate prediction and assessment methods of urban heat island. In addition, by evaluating impacts of climate change following supposed urban construction performed in the central area of Korea on public health, it examines usefulness of HIA for urban construction. When urban heat island prediction and HIA method suggested in this study are applied to an imaginary city, they predict urban heat island properly and the impacts of climate changes on public health inside the city could be determined clearly by calculating life-climate index and bio-climate index related with thermal environment from the model.

At recent the number of livestock is increased and the size of farm has changed to large facilities in Korea. So the livestock facilities have become one of major sources of odor emission. The purpose of this study is to analyze the concentration and assessment of odor unit from livestock facilities for cow, dairy, swine and poultry. The eleven odor pollutants such as H2S,(CH3)SH, (CH3)2S, (CH3)2S2, CH3N, NH3, (CH3)2N, (CH3)3N, butyric acid, valeric acid and isovaleric acid, measured for assessment of the odor concentrations from livestock facility. As the results, it is found that the major matters of odor from livestock facilities were NH3and H2S. The highest concentration of NH3 is measured as 15 ppm at henhouse and H2S is measured as 858 ppb at penpig facilities. In the comparison of the average odor unit from livestocks, it is found that the highest odor unit was from swine and the lowest odor unit was from cow facility. So odor unit from swine facilities was 12 to 30 times higher than the odor unit from cow facilities.