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The Study of Anthropology History in Old Testament: Before and After H. W. Wolff

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1서울신학대학교

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ABSTRACT

Today's western biblical scholarship -Old Testament study- concentrates on human another newly. For the past 150years, anthropology belonged to humanities presented the philosophical anthropology base on philosophy. It showed universal and general human image through the question "what human is?" But different studies and civilization development made such a human image ambiguous. The traditional philosophical anthropology is superseded by "Historical anthropology" in German in the 70s because of giving up a regular answer regarding unchangeable being. It is different from Historical anthropology that deals with description of historical and cultural diversity: such as deed, thought, sense and trouble etc. It's fundamental search is that "How acts are historical in basic method?" So the object of study is not human itself but human acts, creative works, and cultural heritage. This change had a decisive effect on the study of Old testament anthropology. The anthropology of Old testament based on philosophical anthropology, initiated by W. Eichrodt, hopes to prove that God creates more superior human than any animals. Henceforth H. W. Wolff's work, Anthropologie des Alten Testaments has developed the anthropology of Old testament. His excellent linguistic terminology showed again Hebraistic synthetic human image from hellenistic dichotomy and trichotomy and defined biblically human life existing in time and space. His study has been criticized and extended scope of study by a lot of scholars who defined comtemporary humanity in the new millennium. Bernd Janowski currently suggests "Konstellative": Synthetic relationship anthropology haw human acts is linked to society and how he acts in such conditions. The anthropology of Old Testament points out manners of relations of human and human, human and neighbors, human and community with the bible through this study.

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