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Repentance-Movement in the Old Testament

Chong Hun Pae 1

1장로회 신학대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to analyze repentance movements in the Old Testament that arose in times of national crisis, in order to seek a model of the repentance movement for churches in today’s crisis. This study was achieved by examining the following texts: 1 Samuel 7, Joel, Jonah 3, Isaiah 1, Jeremiah 7, Daniel 9, and 2 Chronicles 7. As a result of this study, we discovered that the Deuteronomistic repentance movement forms a pattern of imminent threat of disasters, urge for repentance, and removal of disasters through repentance. The repentance movement of 1 Samuel 7 was the most ideal movement in which the Israelites gathered in Mizpah to repent and worship God as the one and only, resulting in God’s protection of the Israelites from the threat of the Philistine army to maintain peace. Joel led a repentance movement by showing a prophetic action conveying an impending crisis that the people did not notice through natural disasters. Jonah 3 deals with the salvation of the Gentiles, but it presents an ideal model of all people participating in repentance and avoiding a disaster that has been announced to be imminent. Isaiah 1 demands the practice of justice from the remnant of Judah if they wish to survive, who has just experienced a disaster through disobedience. Following Deuteronomistic repentance movement pattern, Jeremiah also demanded that the Israelite people should return from their evil deeds and do justice and righteousness in face of the crisis of destruction. Daniel 9, though not a repentance movement of the people, is an exemplar of a whole-hearted prayer for them out of sorrow for national destruction by their sin, totally relying on God’s grace. Unlike the Deuteronomistic repentance movement patterns, 2 Chronicle 7 requires repentance movements that understand the crisis of natural disasters as the need to heal the land, ask forgiveness and the healing of the land, humble themselves, and pray for God’s presence. I hope this study will contribute to the restoration of the church which participates in the repentance movement.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.