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International Political Economy of Climate Change: Environment-Trade Conflicts in a Climate Change Regime

  • Korean Society and Public Administration
  • Abbr : KSPA
  • 2010, 21(3), pp.163-193
  • Publisher : Seoul Association For Public Administration
  • Research Area : Social Science > Public Administration

이찬송 1,  Yun, Sun-Jin 1

1서울대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in which 194 nations have joined to date well demonstrates the establishment of international norms on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and on adjustments to changing climate. However, due to difference between national political economic positions, not only is there a wide divergence in their orientations regarding substantial methods and mechanisms to implement in order to achieve the goal of reduction and adjustment, there's also a high possibility that the methods which countries introduce unilaterally or multi-laterally in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions may be incompatible with the existing established free-trade order. Thus, environment-trade disputes are likely to follow. By grouping nations beyond a conventional dichotomy of developed countries and developing ones, this paper explores conflicts between developed-developing countries, developed-developed countries, and developing-developing countries within the international climate change regime. The main issues are: disputes over industrial protection and economic growth, disputes over subsidiary to renewable energy and economic compensation, and disputes over universalization of environmental standard and non-tariff barriers. Although the disputes are more likely to emerge from developed-developing country relations, interest conflicts are also likely to occur due to different national industrial structures, dependency on fossil fuel, and advancement in technology and infrastructureingespite the ideas being proposed in efforts to prevent the collision between climate policies and free-trade order such as regionalism, global environmental organizations, and the General Agreement to Reduce Emissions, this paper argues that comprehensive norms shared by international civil society and universal environmental movements should be primarily reinforced. In this context, Korea is required to explore actions responding to diverging environment-trade conflicts among countries based on their own political economic interests, while making active domestic mitigation efforts, and to pursue growth of more matured climate-sensitive civil society.

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