The effects of positive affect and response styles to positive affect on well-being (긍정정서와 긍정정서 반응 양식이 안녕감에 미치는 영향)

Kyung Hee Kim (김경희); Lee Hee Kyung (이희경)

doi:10.16983/kjsp.2019.16.3.339

The effects of positive affect and response styles to positive affect on well-being

The Korean Journal of School Psychology
Abbr : KJSP
2019, 16(3), pp.339~359
DOI : 10.16983/kjsp.2019.16.3.339
Publisher : The Korean Journal of School Psychology
Research Area : Social Science > Psychological Science > School / Educational Psychology
Received : June 22, 2019
Accepted : December 24, 2019
Published : December 31, 2019

Kyung Hee Kim ¹, Lee Hee Kyung ¹

¹가톨릭대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The present study examined the effects of positive affect and the response styles to positive affect(enhancing and dampening) on well-being. Based on Fredrickson’s (1998) ‘Broaden-and-Build theory’, we hypothesized that positive affect and response styles of positive affect predict well-being, and there is reciprocal effects between of predictors on well-being. Using a short-term longitudinal study, 147 undergraduate and graduate students completed measures of positive affect, responses to positive affect, and well-being. The results showed positive affect and enhancing positive affect predict increased well-being, but not dampening. Moreover, mediational analyses showed that positive affect and enhancing positive affect reciprocally predict one another. We discussed implications for practice of counseling and limitations of the study.

KEYWORDS

positive affect, response styles to positive affect, well-being

Journal Copyright Policy

This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2025 are currently being built.

[journal] 김빛나 / 2014 / Preliminary Validation of Korean-Responses to Positive Affect (K-RPA) / Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology / 한국임상심리학회 33(2) : 243~260

[journal] 이은경 / 2009 / Is Emotion Suppression That Bad? Comparing the Emotion Suppression and Subjective Well-being Link in Two Cultures / 한국심리학회지: 사회및성격 / 한국사회및성격심리학회 23(1) : 131~146

[journal] 임영진 / 2012 / Psychometric Evaluation of the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) in South Koreans / 한국심리학회지:일반 / 한국심리학회 31(2) : 369~386

[journal] Barnum, D. D. / 1998 / Hope and Social Support in Psychological Adjustment of Children Who Have Survived Burn Injuries and Their Matched Controls / Children's Health Care 27(1) : 15~30

[journal] Bryant, F. B. / 2003 / Savoring beliefs inventory(SBI) : A scale for measuring beliefs about savouring / Journal of Mental Health 12(2) : 175~196

[journal] Burns, B. B. / 2008 / Upward spirals of positive emotions and coping : Replications, extension, and initial exploration of neurochemical substrates / Personality and Individual Differences 44(2) : 360~370

[journal] Butler, E. A. / 2014 / Testing the effects of suppression and reappraisal on emotional concordance using a multivariate multilevel model / Biological Psychology 98 : 6~18

[journal] Carl, J. R. / 2013 / Positive emotion regulation in emotional disorders : A theoretical review / Clinical Psychology Review 33(3) : 343~360

[journal] Chesney, M. A. / 2005 / Positive emotions : Exploring the other hemisphere in behavioral medicine / International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 12(2) : 50~58

[journal] Cohen, S. / 2003 / Emotional Style and Susceptibility to the Common Cold / Psychosomatic Medicine 65(4) : 652~657

[book] Cohn, M. A. / 2009 / The Oxford Handbook of positive psychology / Oxford University Press : 13~24

[journal] Cohn, M. A. / 2010 / In search of durable positive psychology interventions : Predictors and consequences of long-term positive behavior change / The Journal of Positive Psychology 5(5) : 355~366

[journal] Daniel, K. / 1994 / Occupational stress, social support, job control, and psychological well-being / Human Relations 47(12) : 1523~1544

[journal] De Ridder, D. T. D. / 2004 / Does optimism affect symptom report in chronic disease? What are its consequences for self-care behaviour and physical functioning? / Journal of Psychosomatic Research 56(3) : 341~350

[journal] Diener, E. / 1995 / The personality structure of affect / Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69(1) : 130~141

[journal] Eisner, L. R. / 2009 / Positive affect regulation in anxiety disorders / Journal of Anxiety Disorders 23(5) : 645~649

[journal] Feldman, G. C. / 2008 / Responses to Positive Affect : A Self-Report Measure of Rumination and Dampening / Cognitive Therapy and Research 32(4) : 507~525

[journal] Fredrickson, B. L. / 1998 / What Good Are Positive Emotions? / Review of General Psychology 2(3) : 300~319

[journal] Fredrickson, B. L. / 2000 / Cultivating positive emotions to optimize health and well-being / Prevention & Treatment 3(1) : 1a~

[journal] Fredrickson, B. L. / 2005 / Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought-action repertoires / Cognition and Emotion 19(3) : 313~332

[journal] Fredrickson, B. L. / 2002 / Positive emotions trigger upward spirals toward emotional well-being / Psychological Science 13(2) : 172~175

[journal] Fredrickson, B. L. / 1998 / Positive emotions speed recovery from the cardiovascular sequelae of negative emotions / Cognition and Emotion 12(2) : 191~220

[journal] Fredrickson, B. L. / 2005 / Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing / American Psychologist 60(7) : 678~686

[journal] Fredrickson, B. L. / 2008 / Open hearts build lives : Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources / Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 95(5) : 1045~1062

[journal] Gable, S. L. / 2010 / Good News! Capitalizing on Positive Events in An Interpersonal Context / Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 42 : 195~257

[journal] Garland, E. L. / 2010 / Upward spirals of positive emotions counter downward spirals of negativity : Insights from the broaden-and-build theory and affective neuroscience on the treatment of emotion dysfunctions and deficits in psychopathology / Clinical Psychology Review 30(7) : 849~864

[journal] Gable, S. L. / 2005 / What (and Why) Is Positive Psychology? / Review of General Psychology 9(2) : 103~110

[journal] Garnefski, N. / 2002 / Cognitive coping strategies and symptoms of depression and anxiety: a comparison between adolescent and adults / Journal of Adolescence 25(6) : 603~611

[journal] Gross, J. J. / 2001 / Emotion regulation in adulthood : Timing is everything / Current Directions in Psychological Science 10(6) : 214~219

[journal] Gross, J. J. / 2003 / Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes : implications for affect, relationships, and well-being / Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 85(2) : 348~362

[book] Gross, J. J. / 2006 / Emotion regulation in couples and families: Pathways to dysfunction and health / American Psychological Association : 13~35

[journal] Isen, A. M. / 1987 / Positive affect, cognitive processes, and social behavior / Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 20 : 203~253

[journal] Johnson, K., J. / 2005 / We All Look the Same to Me. Positive emotions eliminate the own-race bias in face recognition / Psychological Science 16(11) : 875~881

[journal] Johnson, K. J. / 2010 / Smile to see the forest : Facially expressed positive emotions broaden cognition / Cognition and Emotion 24(2) : 299~321

[journal] Johnson, S. L. / 2008 / Ruminative Responses to Negative and Positive Affect Among Students Diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder / Cognitive Therapy and Research 32(5) : 702~713

[journal] Karaś, D. / 2014 / The polish adaptation of the mental health continuum-short form(MHC-SF) / Personality and Individual Differences 69 : 104~109

[book] Kenny, D. A. / 1998 / Handbook of social psychology / McGraw-Hill : 233~265

[journal] Keyes, C. L. M. / 1998 / Social well-being / Social Psychology Quarterly 61(2) : 121~140

[journal] Keyes, C. L. M. / 2002 / The mental health continuum : From languishing to flourishing in life / Journal of Health and Social Behavior 43(2) : 207~222

[journal] Keyes, C. L. M. / 2005 / Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the complete state model of health / Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 73(3) : 539~548

[journal] Keyes, C. L. M. / 2010 / Change in Level of Positive Mental Health as a Predictor of Future Risk of Mental Illness / American Journal of Public Health 100(12) : 2366~2371

[book] Keyes, C. L. M. / 2002 / Handbook of positive psychology / Oxford University Press : 45~59

[journal] Keyes, C. L. M. / 2008 / Evaluation of the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form(MHC-SF)in Setswana-Speaking South Africans / Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy 15(3) : 181~192

[journal] King, L. A. / 2006 / Positive affect and the experience of meaning in life / Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 90(1) : 179~196

[journal] Kobau, R. / 2011 / Mental Health Promotion in Public Health: Perspectives and Strategies From Positive Psychology / American Journal of Public Health 101(8) : e1~e9

[thesis] Lamers, S. / 2012 / Positive mental health: Measurement, Relevance and Implications / PhD / University of Twente

[journal] Lamers, S. M. / 2011 / Evaluating the psychometric properties of the mental health continuum‐short form (MHC‐SF) / Journal of Clinical Psychology 67(1) : 99~110

[journal] Levens, S. M. / 2009 / Impaired selection of relevant positive information in depression / Depression and Anxiety 26(5) : 403~410

[book] Lucas, R. E. / 2003 / Positive psychological assessment: A handbook of models and measures / American Psychological Association : 201~218

[journal] Lyubomirsky, S. / 2005 / The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? / Psychological Bulletin 131(6) : 803~855

[journal] Matsumoto, D. / 2008 / Culture, emotion regulation, and adjustment / Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 94(6) : 925~937

[journal] Mauss, I. B. / 2011 / Don't hide your happiness! Positive emotion dissociation, social connectedness, and psychological functioning / Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 100(4) : 738~748

[journal] Meehan, M. P. / 1993 / The relationship of social support to perceived control and subjective mental health in adolescents / Journal of Community Psychology 21(1) : 49~55

[journal] Nelis, S. / 2016 / Assessing response styles to positive affect: One or two dimensions of positive rumination in the Responses to Positive Affect questionnaire? / Personality and Individual Differences 89 : 40~46

[journal] Nelis, D. / 2011 / Measuring individual differences in emotion regulation: The Emotion Regulation Profile-Revised (ERP-R) / Psychologica Belgica 51(1) : 49~91

[journal] Nolen-Hoeksema, S. / 1991 / Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes / Journal of Abnormal Psychology 100(4) : 569~582

[journal] Norlander, T. / 2005 / The Affective Personality: Its Relation to Quality of Sleep, Well-being and Stress / Social Behavior and Personality : An International Journal 33(7) : 709~722

[journal] Petrillo, G. / 2015 / The Mental Health Continuum–Short Form (MHC-SF) as a measure of well-being in the Italian context / Social Indicators Research 121(1) : 291~312

[journal] Quoidbach, J. / 2010 / Positive emotion regulation and well-being : Comparing the impact of eight savoring and dampening strategies / Personality and Individual Differences 49(5) : 368~373

[journal] Sheldon, K. M. / 2006 / How to increase and sustain positive emotion : The effects of expressing gratitude and visualizing best possible selves / The Journal of Positive Psychology 1(2) : 73~82

[journal] Sims, T. / 2015 / Wanting to maximize the positive and minimize the negative : Implications for mixed affective experience in American and Chinese contexts / Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 109(2) : 292~315

[journal] Snyder, C. R. / 2000 / The roles of hopeful thinking in preventing problems and enhancing strengths / Applied and Preventive Psychology 9(4) : 249~269

[journal] Waugh, C. E. / 2006 / Nice to know you : Positive emotions, self-other overlap, and complex understanding in the formation of a new relationship / The Journal of Positive Psychology 1(2) : 93~106

[journal] Wood, J. V. / 2003 / Savoring Versus Dampening: Self-Esteem Differences in Regulating Positive Affect / Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 85(3) : 566~580

[journal] Zautra, A. J. / 2005 / Dynamic Approaches to Emotions and Stress in Everyday Life : Bolger and Zuckerman Reloaded With Positive as Well as Negative Affects / Journal of Personality 73(6) : 1511~1538

KJCKorea
Journal Central

The Korean Journal of School Psychology 2025 KCI Impact Factor : 2.0