@article{ART001263352},
author={임홍빈},
title={On Hyeol (穴) of Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡) in the Gogureoic Toponym: From the Genealogical Perspective Relating Goguryeoic to Altaic Languages},
journal={Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University},
issn={1598-3021},
year={2008},
number={59},
pages={483-519},
doi={10.17326/jhsnu..59.200806.483}
TY - JOUR
AU - 임홍빈
TI - On Hyeol (穴) of Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡) in the Gogureoic Toponym: From the Genealogical Perspective Relating Goguryeoic to Altaic Languages
JO - Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University
PY - 2008
VL - null
IS - 59
PB - Institute of Humanities, Seoul National University
SP - 483
EP - 519
SN - 1598-3021
AB - This paper attempts to reconstruct the correct form and meaning of the
word ‘kappi (甲比)’ that corresponds to hyeol (穴) in the Goguryeoic toponym
Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡)which appears in Samguksagi (三國史記).Acouple of
hypotheses have been put forth on ‘kappi (甲比)’. Yang (1942/1965) and Shin
(1958) simply said that the word represented the middle Korean word form
/kumu/ or /kum/, not to mention the peculiarity involved in the toponym. Lee
(1968) made it clear that the word in question represented the Goguryeoic
language, referring to ‘ravine’, ‘gorge’, etc.
However, it is emphasized that the Chinese letter hyeol (穴) should be read as
given. It is undeniable that the letter itself refers to ‘hole’, not to ‘ravine’,
‘gorge’ or ‘river’. It is natural to see that the word ‘kappi (甲比)’ corresponding
to hyeol (穴) refers to ‘hole’ in the toponym. The problemis that it is infelicitous
to apply the same word to Ganghwa (江華) island, which is located in front of
Gyeonggi-bay (京畿灣) in Korean peninsular. Examining the correspondence
relations holding between the previous toponyms and the later or revised ones
that appear in Volume 34-37 of Samguksagi, this paper reconstructs the word form/*kapi/ that refers to ‘hole’, whichwas applied to a ferry point. The original
meaning of /*kapi/ referring to ‘hole’ shows some metaphorical extension in
toponym.
The correspondence between the second consonant /*p/ of /*kapi/ and the
second one /m/ of /kumu/ iswell attested in the comparative linguistics between
Goguryeoic and Old Japanese. This paper claims that these kinds of
correspondences can be captured by Abstract Reconstructed Form(ARF) like
‘*KVXW’, in which *K stands for the initial consonant, *V the first vowel, *X
the second consonant, and *W the second vowel. It can be said that the
Goguryeoic /*kapi/ shows the predecessor form of the middle Korean form
/kumu/ ‘hole’.
The Altaic lexical entries representing the semantic category ‘hole’ in
Starostin et al. (2003) are the forms like *
kŏb́ ú,
*
kúmi, and *
àƞa. Starostin et
al. (2003) lists these entries separately in the lexicon.However, this paper claims
that the three forms stemfrom the same root. The form*
kŏb́ úis very similar to
Goguryeoic /*kapi/ ‘hole’, the form*
kúmi is very similar to theMiddle Korean
/kumu/ ‘id.’, and the form*
àƞa is very similar to Japanese /ana/ ‘id.’ As far as
these three forms can be listed under the same heading, the languages like
Mongolian, Tungusic, Turkic andKoreanic with Japonic can be claimed to form
an unquestionable language family called Altaic, although the Altaic hypothesis
is under severe attack fromthe anti-Altaists like J. Janhunen and A. Vovin etc.
KW - Goguryeoic;Sanguksagi;Altaic language family;toponym;Hyeolgugun;
kapigocha;kapi;Abstract Reconstructed Form;Ganghwa;kumu;naru
DO - 10.17326/jhsnu..59.200806.483
ER -
임홍빈. (2008). On Hyeol (穴) of Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡) in the Gogureoic Toponym: From the Genealogical Perspective Relating Goguryeoic to Altaic Languages. Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University, 59, 483-519.
임홍빈. 2008, "On Hyeol (穴) of Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡) in the Gogureoic Toponym: From the Genealogical Perspective Relating Goguryeoic to Altaic Languages", Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University, no.59, pp.483-519. Available from: doi:10.17326/jhsnu..59.200806.483
임홍빈 "On Hyeol (穴) of Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡) in the Gogureoic Toponym: From the Genealogical Perspective Relating Goguryeoic to Altaic Languages" Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University 59 pp.483-519 (2008) : 483.
임홍빈. On Hyeol (穴) of Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡) in the Gogureoic Toponym: From the Genealogical Perspective Relating Goguryeoic to Altaic Languages. 2008; 59 : 483-519. Available from: doi:10.17326/jhsnu..59.200806.483
임홍빈. "On Hyeol (穴) of Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡) in the Gogureoic Toponym: From the Genealogical Perspective Relating Goguryeoic to Altaic Languages" Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University no.59(2008) : 483-519.doi: 10.17326/jhsnu..59.200806.483
임홍빈. On Hyeol (穴) of Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡) in the Gogureoic Toponym: From the Genealogical Perspective Relating Goguryeoic to Altaic Languages. Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University, 59, 483-519. doi: 10.17326/jhsnu..59.200806.483
임홍빈. On Hyeol (穴) of Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡) in the Gogureoic Toponym: From the Genealogical Perspective Relating Goguryeoic to Altaic Languages. Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University. 2008; 59 483-519. doi: 10.17326/jhsnu..59.200806.483
임홍빈. On Hyeol (穴) of Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡) in the Gogureoic Toponym: From the Genealogical Perspective Relating Goguryeoic to Altaic Languages. 2008; 59 : 483-519. Available from: doi:10.17326/jhsnu..59.200806.483
임홍빈. "On Hyeol (穴) of Hyeolgu-gun (穴口郡) in the Gogureoic Toponym: From the Genealogical Perspective Relating Goguryeoic to Altaic Languages" Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University no.59(2008) : 483-519.doi: 10.17326/jhsnu..59.200806.483
