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A Study on the Foreign Travels of Lee Kwangsoo in the 1910’s

Kim Mee Young 1

1홍익대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This article aims to reveal the main achievement of Lee Kwangsoo’s travels abroad in the 1910’s. Lee Kwangsoo traveled to Shanghai, Vladivostok, Cheeta, and North Manchuria in 1913~1914. In those travels, he observed the grades of rank, catching up with how much these nations had been modernized. The nations of the East could not compare to those of the West in terms of the degree of civilizedness. Japan was observed to be more developed than the other eastern countries at the time. Russia was also more civilized. But China was seen to be only half-civilized and Joseon yet to be civilized. Lee Kwangsoo regarded the Joseon people to be very poor and unenlightened, and the Joseon intellectuals to be very lazy and emersed in violent disputes regarding party politics. Thus, he did not find any kind of hope for Joseon to remain an independent nation in the near future. In 1915~1918, Lee Kwangsoo lived in Tokyo due to his studies. During this time, his second period of study abroad, he observed how great the Japanese power of civilizedness was, as well as how high the Japanese grade of civilization was, compared to Joseon. He had been impressed by Fuguzawa Yugichi’s theory of civilization and evolutionism. But it is in Russia that he realized the fate of the Joseon people. This is why his theory of civilization was transformed into a theory of culture for Joseon, as a neighbor of Japan in those times. He believed that if the independence of Joseon could not be ensured, then at least efforts should be made to reserve the identity of its people by maintaining the unique characteristics of Joseon culture. These thoughts were the results of his travels abroad in the 1910’s.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.