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Religious Sin Attested in Akkadian Literary Texts

Sungduk Yun 1

1서울대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This essay aims to explore Akkadian literary texts that include terms for religious sin, such as šettu, šēttūtu, arnu, annu, targīgu, haṭû, hiṭītu, hīṭu, and considers what kind of religious tradition exists behind them. The Akkadian texts reveal to us that religious sin was largely considered to be a ritual mistake, unintentionally committed by an individual. The Gods could forgive the sinner or punish the perpetrator with diseases or other disasters. Professional religious personnel could help their clients with certain prayers, rituals, or incantations, but politicians made use of the concept of religious sin to criticize their opponents and to imprecate curses upon them. In the Neo-Babylonian period, it became much more important to prevent the committing of sins or resulting punishments, so anticipatory prayers and beneficial acts were emphasized. It was an astonishing change of religious tradition, in that the concept of religious sin broke out from its function as a practical remedy and individual faith came to be pursued instead.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.