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Ideology of Positivist Historiography: Historicism in Colonial Korea

  • Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University
  • 2019, 76(3), pp.287-323
  • DOI : 10.17326/jhsnu.76.3.201908.287
  • Publisher : Institute of Humanities, Seoul National University
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : July 8, 2019
  • Accepted : August 24, 2019
  • Published : August 31, 2019

Hong Jong-wook 1

1서울대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Ranke’s historicism criticized the universal development law of positivism and noted the singularity of the individual. But historicism, like positivism, put forward historiography as science and emphasized strict criticism of historical material. That is why historicism has been called positivist historiography. Positivist historians pursued fact-finding and value- judgment at the same time. Since the 19th century, the ideology of positivist historiography has been the nation. Chin-Tan Society, led by Lee Byeong-do in colonial Korea, aimed at combining science and nation. It aimed at establishing a Korean national history against the national history of Japanese positivist historiography. Both colonialism historiography and Lee Byeong-do’s historiography were positivist historiographies. The positivist historiography that came to be established in East Asia has taken on the role of national history, side by side, in each country and region. The ideology of the nation that had been latent during the colonial period was embodied in the description of national history when Korea became the historical subject with liberation. A just assessment of the ideology of nation that has been maintained by positivist historiography could be a starting point for the formation of a sustainable historiography in the 21st century.

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