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Patterns of Administrative Units (Dong-ni) and Population Growth in the Hojobeol Area in Gyeonggi Province during the Late Joseon Period

  • Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University
  • 2025, 82(2), pp.269~303
  • DOI : 10.17326/jhsnu.82.2.202505.269
  • Publisher : Institute of Humanities, Seoul National University
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : January 10, 2025
  • Accepted : February 25, 2025
  • Published : May 31, 2025

JUNG DaHye 1 Jeong, Yokeun 1

1서울대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

In the early 18th century, the area now known as Siheung City in Gyeonggi Province was transformed by a large-scale, state-led land reclamation project involving the construction of the Hojo Bank. Originally, this area was characterized by extensive tidal flats, but with the building of the embankment and the expansion of farmland, the number of villages increased significantly, along with a rapid population growth. In the late 18th century, in the northern part of the Hojobeol area — specifically in the regions of Singogae-myeon and Jeonban-myeon in Incheon — administrative units referred to as “ordinary number-based units” (序數名 洞里), each comprising more than one village, served as the basic administrative units under the myeon (township) level. However, by the late 19th century, the importance of Seosumyeong dong-ni ordinary number-based units declined, and village-based units (dong-ni) became the primary administrative divisions, leading to a rapid increase in the number of affiliated villages. Meanwhile, in the Chosan-myeon area of Ansan, located south of Hojobeol, a significant increase in population and village division had already occurred before the late 18th century. In comparison, two myeon regions in northern Incheon only began to see substantial village growth and population increase in the 19th century. These temporal changes in village structure and population show that the land reclamation of Hojoeol began in earnest in the Ansan Chosan-myeon area during the 18th century, whereas it became active later — in the 19th century — in the Incheon region. This study holds important significance as a case study demonstrating how population and village growth unfolded in regions where large-scale reclamation projects were carried out during the late Joseon Dynasty.

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