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Iconography on the Reliefs of the Life Story of Budha in Chandi Borobudur

  • SUVANNABHUMI
  • Abbr : SVN
  • 2010, 2(1), pp.17-53
  • DOI : 10.22801/svn.2010.2.1.17
  • Publisher : Korea Institute for ASEAN Studies
  • Research Area : Social Science > Area Studies > Southeast Asia
  • Received : April 16, 2010
  • Accepted : June 3, 2010
  • Published : June 30, 2010

Geunja Yoo 1

1동국대학교

ABSTRACT

The Chandi Borobudur was likely constructed around 80 AD, during the period of the Sailendra dynasty in central Java, Indonesia. The Chandi Borobudur have 1460 narative panels of reliefs which are distributed from the hiden foot to the fourth galery. The 160 panels show various scenes of actions producing the coresponding results acording to the Karmavibhanga(分別善 惡報應經) text. Blameworthy activites with their purgatorial punishments and praiseworthy activites with their subsequent rewards are both shown. The 120 panels depict the biography of Buddha acording to the Lalitavistara (方廣大莊嚴經) text. The 620 panels depict stories from Jatakas (本生譚) and Avadanas (譬喩經). The stories of 560 panels are based on Mahayayana (入法界品, 48 panels) and Bhadrucari (普賢行願讚, 72 panels) of Gandavyuha (華嚴經) text. In this study, among the 120 narative reliefs which tel the life story of Budha acording to the Lalitavistara text in Chandi Borobudur, the images of Birth of Sidhārtha(誕生), The Great Departure (出家), Ataintment of Enlightenment (成道) and The First Sermon (初轉法輪) have ben compared with the images of biography of Budha showing in Ancient India, Gandhara and South India, and China. From a historical perspective of cultural exchange, Borobudur is very important site because it is located on the south route of transmision of Buddhism from India to South Asia, China, Korea and Japan. Study on the reliefs sculptured on the wal of Chandi Borobudur provide us information to understand the proces of spreading and changes in styles of Buddhist arts.

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This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.