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pISSN : 2092-5239 / eISSN : 2713-7376
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Theoretical challenges, or over-determination of gender in the Mongolia’s quotas policy: A historical review, 1990-2016
- JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES
- Abbr : jois
- 2021, 34(), pp.5~49
- DOI : 10.22971/jois.34..202112.5
- Publisher : The Keimyung Institute for International Studies
- Research Area : Social Science > Area Studies > Regional Studies in general
- Received : November 15, 2021
- Accepted : December 20, 2021
- Published : December 1, 2021
Solongo Borkhuu 1, Il-Sung CHOI 1
1한서대학교
Accredited
ABSTRACT
‘Sex’ and ‘gender’ are important terms that are often used interchangeably in scientific literature and even legislation, but they are two profoundly different concepts. In theory, sex refers to the characteristics that are biologically determined, whereas gender refers to socially or culturally constructed aspects. Many scholars in the 1970s turned their point of view from biologically determined aspects(sex) to socio-culturally constructed aspects(gender). However, in Mongolia, these perspectives have been almost contemporarily discussed since its democratization in the early 1990s. Related policies are adopted objectively according to the will of the newly launched government without sufficient discussion of the difference between the two terms. For this reason, not only these two concepts, which may conflict with each other, are often mistakenly used, but also ambiguous over-determination of gender, especially by sex, is projected into the relevant policies, including the quotas policy. In this paper we define this singularity as ‘over-determination of gender’ with sex, and analyze theoretical challenges of the Mongolia’s quotas policy to increase women’s representation.
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This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.