@article{ART001144056},
author={Sohn, Hyun-joon and 서제훈 and 박해정 and 박경한 and 고기석 and 조경제 and 최완성 and 박형빈},
title={Two-phalanged Fifth Toe in Korean Children},
journal={Anatomy & Biological Anthropology},
issn={2671-5651},
year={2006},
volume={19},
number={2},
pages={85-95},
doi={10.11637/aba.2006.19.2.85}
TY - JOUR
AU - Sohn, Hyun-joon
AU - 서제훈
AU - 박해정
AU - 박경한
AU - 고기석
AU - 조경제
AU - 최완성
AU - 박형빈
TI - Two-phalanged Fifth Toe in Korean Children
JO - Anatomy & Biological Anthropology
PY - 2006
VL - 19
IS - 2
PB - 대한체질인류학회
SP - 85
EP - 95
SN - 2671-5651
AB - Radiographic research was performed to know the frequency of two-phalanged fifth toe and its relation to presence
of the ossification centers in normal Korean children. Previous study showed more than 74% of the incidence in adulthood
and less than 30% in childhood. Fifty children (33 male and 17 female, aged 2 to 15; mean age 9.6) were studied
by plain foot radiographs focused on the fifth toe.
In the 3~8 yr old 20 subjects, secondary ossification center of distal phalangeal bone was seen as a ossicle (small
bone) placed at proximal to the distal phalanx. Secondary ossification center of middle phalangeal bone and the bony
shaft of the phalanx was hard to distinguish. So keeping up the objectivity, regardless of distinguishable ossification
center or the bony shaft of phalanges, ossicles seen on the 5th toe was counted to classify the presumptive type of the
toe. Epiphyseal ossification center of proximal phalanx was excluded from the count. There were three types of the fifth
toe which has 2 ossicles to 4 ossicles.
Overall incidence of the type of 2 ossicles was 24% (12/50). Above 12 yr old group the incidence was 61% (11/18),
and above 13 yr old group the incidence was 75% (9/12). The incidence of biphalangism came closer to the adult’s after
late childhood. This finding represent that progress of biphalangealization completed after late childhood. It seems that
the progress starts earlier than 3 yr old. We made the hypothesis by the incidence of 30% (6/20) of the type which has 4
ossicles on the fifth toe at 3~8 yr old group. Four ossicles might be a secondary ossification center of distal phalanx
and the bony shaft of distal, middle and proximal phalanx. They might form a distal interphalageal joint and the
triphalangeal toe. To know more about the morphogenesis of biphalalngeal 5th toe, further progressive study in
childhood is needed.
KW - Symphalangism;Biphalangeal fifth toe;Childhood;Ossification center
DO - 10.11637/aba.2006.19.2.85
ER -
Sohn, Hyun-joon, 서제훈, 박해정, 박경한, 고기석, 조경제, 최완성 and 박형빈. (2006). Two-phalanged Fifth Toe in Korean Children. Anatomy & Biological Anthropology, 19(2), 85-95.
Sohn, Hyun-joon, 서제훈, 박해정, 박경한, 고기석, 조경제, 최완성 and 박형빈. 2006, "Two-phalanged Fifth Toe in Korean Children", Anatomy & Biological Anthropology, vol.19, no.2 pp.85-95. Available from: doi:10.11637/aba.2006.19.2.85
Sohn, Hyun-joon, 서제훈, 박해정, 박경한, 고기석, 조경제, 최완성, 박형빈 "Two-phalanged Fifth Toe in Korean Children" Anatomy & Biological Anthropology 19.2 pp.85-95 (2006) : 85.
Sohn, Hyun-joon, 서제훈, 박해정, 박경한, 고기석, 조경제, 최완성, 박형빈. Two-phalanged Fifth Toe in Korean Children. 2006; 19(2), 85-95. Available from: doi:10.11637/aba.2006.19.2.85
Sohn, Hyun-joon, 서제훈, 박해정, 박경한, 고기석, 조경제, 최완성 and 박형빈. "Two-phalanged Fifth Toe in Korean Children" Anatomy & Biological Anthropology 19, no.2 (2006) : 85-95.doi: 10.11637/aba.2006.19.2.85
Sohn, Hyun-joon; 서제훈; 박해정; 박경한; 고기석; 조경제; 최완성; 박형빈. Two-phalanged Fifth Toe in Korean Children. Anatomy & Biological Anthropology, 19(2), 85-95. doi: 10.11637/aba.2006.19.2.85
Sohn, Hyun-joon; 서제훈; 박해정; 박경한; 고기석; 조경제; 최완성; 박형빈. Two-phalanged Fifth Toe in Korean Children. Anatomy & Biological Anthropology. 2006; 19(2) 85-95. doi: 10.11637/aba.2006.19.2.85
Sohn, Hyun-joon, 서제훈, 박해정, 박경한, 고기석, 조경제, 최완성, 박형빈. Two-phalanged Fifth Toe in Korean Children. 2006; 19(2), 85-95. Available from: doi:10.11637/aba.2006.19.2.85
Sohn, Hyun-joon, 서제훈, 박해정, 박경한, 고기석, 조경제, 최완성 and 박형빈. "Two-phalanged Fifth Toe in Korean Children" Anatomy & Biological Anthropology 19, no.2 (2006) : 85-95.doi: 10.11637/aba.2006.19.2.85
