2007, Vol.20, No.1

THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 1.67

pISSN : 1229-0718 / eISSN : 2671-6542
https://journal.kci.go.kr/baldal

This study investigated protective factors and risk factors in children in poverty and their outcomes. The definition of child poverty in this study were children who received support in child care and education expenses due to low cost of living. Participants consisted of 476 mothers and their 3-year-old children who live in Seoul or`Kyounggi Province. Among the participants, 228 were children in poverty. To identify the effect of child poverty, data mining decision tree model was performed with the following variances; social support, parenting stress, home environment stimulation, and child outcomes. Decision tree model included significant predictor variable on child poverty as a child's sex, Decision tree model showed that responsiveness stimulation in HOME and social skill had important influences on boys in poverty. Physical environment stimulation of HOME and social support were predicted as protective factors in boys in poverty. However, physical environment stimulation worked as risk factors on girls in poverty. Relatively low language comprehension skills predicted risk factor on child developmental functioning, and this was influenced by parent's psychological and mental health. The results discussed that physical environment stimulation in HOME and social support were defined as protective factors for boys in poverty, but risk factors for girls.

This study has aimed to test in what aspect the child's understanding of mind develops beyond the age of 7. Three types of ToM abilities have been tested. These include; the ability to interpret others’ ambiguous social behaviors by reading their mental states, the ability to uncover the hidden meaning of a figurative statement such as irony, and the ability to understand that when a person says a "faux pas" it is due to a mistaken belief rather than from malicious intent. Each of the twenty subjects in the five age groups (7-, 9-, 11-, 13-, and adults) have participated in this study. The results demonstrate progressive attainment of the various ToM abilities as follows: children understand non-literal statements at age 7, ambiguous social behavior at age 9, and faux pas at 13 years of age.

This study examined the role of auditory memory in early vocabulary acquisition and picture-book reading. A total of 309 24-month-old-infants and their mothers participated in the study. Infants completed a phonological memory task, a pattern repetition task, and a Corsi-block task. They also completed PPVT(Kim, Chang, Lim, & Beck, 1995). Mothers of the infants completed a vocabulary checklist(Pae, 2002) and filled in a questionnaire measuring their picture-book reading activities at home. In general, high auditory memory ability was associated with more expressive and receptive words. Also more vocabulary was associated with more frequent, longer and more focused picture-book reading activities. Findings suggest that the importance of auditory memory, especially, phonological memory, on early vocabulary acquisition.