2020, Vol., No.48

The Journal of Chinese Cultural Studies 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.44

pISSN : 1598-8503 / eISSN : 2714-0067
https://journal.kci.go.kr/cccs

This paper focuses on the process of change in the perception of Chinese society within the society after the establishment of socialism. As an example, I will examine the phenomenon in Chinese film history and the position and attitude toward a specific film. Specifically, it discusses the establishment and execution of cultural policy in the early period of socialism China and its influence on the film field. In addition to, it presents the Chinese Communist Party had the historical agendas, which means ‘theoretical criticism’ and ‘practical criticism’, while it posed the principal role of criticism in the process of establishing a new state. In the socialist regime, intellectuals were in conflict with the regime. Communist Party(country) had excluded the intellectuals from the field of theoretical and practical criticism. China’s socialist revolution consistently has been configured with ‘politics of negation’ as a new theory and policy by the technocrats in the Communist Party. Through this process, Chinese film transformed and transplanted the tradition of ‘Shanghai film’ as a ‘classic film’, into Hong Kong, and formed a new chapter of socialism film.

Jakata story based on the folk tales of ancient India features Buddha’s distributing charity and perseverance in his previous life. Among them, the self-sacrificing stories show us the extreme sacrifice of one’s body. The Jakata stories about giving someone one’s flesh are a big part of the whole Jakata stories. When it entered in China, in contact with Confucian culture, it created a new and interesting aspect. This paper examined the narrative features of the self-sacrificing jakata tales, and grasped the underlying desire and the nature of human beings, futhermore looked at the process in which Shāma jakata and Sujāti jakata were appropriated in the Confucian context. As a result, the flesh-sacrificing story, through describing a cruelly damaged body and cannibalism, stimulates the original fears as a human being and the desires for violating a taboo on cannibalism. However, because of this feature, the stories attracted attention for its charm as a story, but those elements do not fit with Confucian sentiment, so they change into different forms. The cruel contents are purified, and the ideal relations between father and son are emphasized. In this process 割股 filial piety stories, which is about cutting thigh flesh for curing parents, are produced. As 割股 stories get popular, in reality there are many filial piety to practice 割股, and 割股 soon becomes essential behavior as a filial son. Finally, 割股 pandemic has expanded to the medical field, so human flesh was officially recognized as the best medicine in the Tang dynasty. This series of streams means that the ancient Chinese perception of cannibalism has changed. The cannibal, which was basically savage, naturally transformed into a civilization.

The contradiction between "Official career" and "Hermit" has always been an eternal topic that plagued ancient literati. The emergence of the "Chao Yin" thought is the result of the conflict between the monarchy and the scholars in the authoritarian system. After Dongfang Shuo put forward the view of "Chao Yin", there were many inherited developments in later generations, and concepts such as "Xin Yin", "Li Yin", "Zhong Yin", and "Jiu Yin" appeared successively. Ruan Ji's "Xin Yin" emphasizes inner peace; Wang Wei's "Li Yin" emphasizes the balance between professionalism and seclusion; Bai Juyi's "Zhongyin" is the neutrality of Da Yin and Xiao Yin; Su Shi's "wine secret" is based on his predecessors to achieve inner transcendence with the help of wine. "Chao Yin", as an alternative way of seizing both "Official career" and "Hermit", During the evolution of later generations, along with the changes in society and the mentality of scholars, the following characteristics have emerged: First, the practice method of "chao yin" thought is more concrete and distinctive; Second, in the "chao-yin" thought, the themes of "chao" and "yin" have changed; Third, the spirit of resistance of the "chao-yin" ideology gradually faded; Fourth, the degree of recognition and acceptance of the "chao-yin" ideology has gradually increased. The evolution of "Chao Yin" thought is an inevitable consequence of the development of social political and cultural thoughts, and is an important part of traditional hermit culture. The rich and splendid hermit culture created during the development and evolution of the "Chao Yin" thought is of positive significance. As a method of behavior, "Chao Yin" is characterized by the choice of a detachment from the absolute opposition between "Official career" and "Hermit", and maintains a sense of normality between 'go forward' and 'give in' It is of practical significance in any era.