With reference to Darwin’s theory of adaptation and eco-holism, Eco-Translatology conceptualizes translation as the translator’s selective activity that adapts to the translational eco-environment, thereby introducing an ecological paradigm toTranslation Studies. This study presents a case of such adaptation through an analysis ofthe Spanish translation of The Peony Pavilion, a crowning achievement of kunqu. Based on the principles of multidimensional transformation, we examined the translator’s adaptation across linguistic, cultural, and communicative dimensions to explore how thetranslation survives in a target-language context significantly removed from the source language context, while also acknowledging its constraints. Based on the analysis, we discussed how Eco-Translatology can inform Chinese-Spanish literary translation, with particular attention to key considerations in rendering Chinese drama, and how translational dispositions contribute to the achievement of some degree of holistic adaptation and selection, thereby cultivating its acceptance among the target audience.