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Extinction and Remains, Han Kang’s Black Deer Reads as a Scenery of the Industrial Transition

  • International Journal of Glocal Language and Literary Studies(약칭: IGLL)
  • Abbr : IGLL
  • 2025, 21(21), pp.21~31
  • Publisher : Glocal Institute of Language and Literary Studies(GILLS)
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : November 20, 2025
  • Accepted : December 15, 2025
  • Published : December 31, 2025

Joung, Ju A 1

1강원대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This article reads Han Kang’s first novel, Black Deer, from the destruction of workers’ lives caused by the restructuring of the mining industry during the period of industrial transition. Although the term “industrial transition” is commonly used in a neutral sense to denote the generational shift of leading industries, it is in fact a period marked by structural violence, in which those who fail to adapt to social change are left behind and experience large-scale devastation of their lives as old industries collapse and new ones emerge. Black Deer depicts the structural transformation through which those once praised as “industrial warriors” come to be treated as surplus members of society. This article focuses on two main issues. The first concerns the sense of debt and guilt that exists between those who have left the mining village and those who remain. Han portrays how those who abandoned their families to escape poverty and death are unable to free themselves from the past because of those they left behind “there.” The stories of runaway or missing miners’ daughters and disintegrated families form the core of this theme. The second issue is an ethical mourning for those who were forced to endure a life in which death became routine, while countless industrial accidents were socially tolerated in the name of industrial growth alone. Viewed from the perspective of industrial transition, the rise and decline of the mining industry constitutes a violent process that entails not only physical and psychological exploitation but also ontological exploitation.

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