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Singan-hoi Movement(新幹會) of Gwangju(廣州) Region under the Japanese Colonial Period

  • The Review of Korean History
  • 2010, (100), pp.749-781
  • Publisher : The Historical Society Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Cho Seong Woon 1

1Dongguk University

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This manuscript is a thesis analyzing a Singan-hoi movement of the Gwangju region, Gyeonggi-do, where the national movement of a local society was relatively low since the 3.1 Movement. This can become a different form of analysis from that Singan-hoi case study until now progressed by focusing on a region where the national movement of a local society was mainly developed actively. As a result, the Gwangju region actively developed educational activities rather than a social movement such as a youth movement, etc., and the Singan-hoi movement was developed under the leadership of the old school force of the Cheondo religion(天道敎) and socialist force. And the Gwangju branch of Singan-hoi performed activities on affairs of a society, activities for solving local society and Joseon's current issues and life improvement activities, etc. In case of activities for solving local society and Joseon's current issues and life improvement activities, there are activities for protecting Koreans in Manchuria, correcting evil practices on local people of local authority and supporting Wonsan‘s general strike, etc. Especially, it could be known that activities for protecting Koreans in Manchuria aimed to execute organizational and continuous activities through formation of Gwangju alliance for protecting Koreans in Manchuria. And it seems that the Singan-hoi movement aimed to expand force of the Gwangju region through activities on affairs of a society and actively developed comments to the headquarters of Singan-hoi. Especially, it can be said that what it powerfully criticized against restriction of the headquarters of Singan-hoi shows that it had an independent standpoint. An especially notable point in the Singan-hoi movement of the Gwangju region was that it aimed to organize a Gwangheung branch setting Eonju-myeon, Daewang-myeon, Jungase-myeon as well as Shindong-myeon, Gwacheon-myeon and Seoi-myeon as a target district in the end of 1930. In short, it can be known that the Singan-hoi of the Gwangju region was organized as union between nationalists and socialists and lead a national movement of the Gwangju region from the middle and later half of 1920s to the early half of 1930s. However, a revolutionary agricultural union movement was developed in other regions as soon as the Singan-hoi was disorganized, whereas a Gwangju Communist Party's Council was organized and executed in the Gwangju region. It seems that in-depth discussion on reasons that local properties occurred like these will be necessary.

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