@article{ART003165591},
author={Jounghoon Lee},
title={Personnel Administration and the Recommendation System in Late Goryeo},
journal={The Review of Korean History},
issn={1225-133X},
year={2024},
number={156},
pages={083-118}
TY - JOUR
AU - Jounghoon Lee
TI - Personnel Administration and the Recommendation System in Late Goryeo
JO - The Review of Korean History
PY - 2024
VL - null
IS - 156
PB - The Historical Society Of Korea
SP - 083
EP - 118
SN - 1225-133X
AB - This study examines how the recommendation system was utilized in the personnel administration of late Goryeo.
During the Goryeo period, officials were appointed through the systems such as the state examination (Gwageo), protected appointment (Eumseo), and recommendation (Cheongeo). When appointed, they were granted a prestige position (Sanjik) and prestige title for civil officials (Munsangye). They received working position (Siljik) only when assigned administrative duties. To obtain their first-time working position (Chosajik) after passing the state examination or entering protected appointment, the candidates needed to receive recommendations from other officials. Once again they came to held only prestige positions due to illness, political issues, etc. after their Chosajik, officials had to rely on recommendations to secure promotions or regain working positions. Furthermore, the recommendations were essential when changing in affiliated office or changing officials (gaeban). In the case of literary officials (Munhangan), the appointment could be made only if there was a recommendation by incumbent or former Munhangan. Meanwhile, if an appointed position was thought not to suit him, the official could request a withdrawal of the appointment. Even in this case, the withdrawal request could be made by the official who had initially recommended the position for him. Thus, in the Goryeo Dynasty, both the appointment to official positions and the withdrawal from it were based on recommendations.
The appointments to government positions in the Goryeo Dynasty had been determined by the performance evaluation (Gogwa) and Document of Career Experience(Jeongan). Since these assessments were based on work performance, they often ignored essential qualities required for administrative duties, such as virtue and reputation. The recommendation system (Cheongeo) was a system where individuals were recommended based on a comprehensive evaluation of their qualifications, abilities, virtue, and reputation. Only officials with administrative experience were granted the right to recommend others in Goryeo. Through this system, officials used their administrative experience to evaluate candidates holistically and recommend them. This aimed to compensate for the shortcomings of appointments based solely on Gogwa and Jeongan and to ensure that the most suitable officials were appointed to positions.
KW - Personnel administration;Recommendation system;first-time working position (Chosajik);Promotion;Change in affiliated office;Change officials (Gaeban);Withdrawal of appointed position;Compensation of personnel selection
DO -
UR -
ER -
Jounghoon Lee. (2024). Personnel Administration and the Recommendation System in Late Goryeo. The Review of Korean History, 156, 083-118.
Jounghoon Lee. 2024, "Personnel Administration and the Recommendation System in Late Goryeo", The Review of Korean History, no.156, pp.083-118.
Jounghoon Lee "Personnel Administration and the Recommendation System in Late Goryeo" The Review of Korean History 156 pp.083-118 (2024) : 083.
Jounghoon Lee. Personnel Administration and the Recommendation System in Late Goryeo. 2024; 156 : 083-118.
Jounghoon Lee. "Personnel Administration and the Recommendation System in Late Goryeo" The Review of Korean History no.156(2024) : 083-118.
Jounghoon Lee. Personnel Administration and the Recommendation System in Late Goryeo. The Review of Korean History, 156, 083-118.
Jounghoon Lee. Personnel Administration and the Recommendation System in Late Goryeo. The Review of Korean History. 2024; 156 083-118.
Jounghoon Lee. Personnel Administration and the Recommendation System in Late Goryeo. 2024; 156 : 083-118.
Jounghoon Lee. "Personnel Administration and the Recommendation System in Late Goryeo" The Review of Korean History no.156(2024) : 083-118.
