2024, Vol., No.132

A Study on the Role of CINCUNC(Commander in Chief, United Nations Command) in the early Korean Armistice Negotiations - Focusing on Analysis of Operational-level

Kang Ji-Hyeon | 2024, (132) | pp.1~40 | number of Cited : 0

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Securing War Fighting Capabilities in the Early Stages of the Korean War by the United States

Kim, Jae-guk | 2024, (132) | pp.41~78 | number of Cited : 0

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The role of South-North railroads in the Korean War

Kim Jiho | 2024, (132) | pp.79~121 | number of Cited : 0

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The purpose of this study is to examine the role the railroad played in the Korean War. Both North and South Korea actively utilized railroads for the Korean War. Since its construction in the early 20th century, the railroad has functioned as a major means of Japan's colonial rule. This soon led to the expansion of Japan's military power, and eventually became the driving force behind the Korean Peninsula and Manchuria falling under Japanese influence. Even after liberation and division on August 15, 1945, the influence of the railroad continued. Although the Japanese Empire built a railroad for their own convenience, social infrastructure facilities such as railroads were insufficient to the point where they had to be utilized as is even after liberation. Also, people's daily lives at that time were already centered around railroads. However, less than two years after the government was launched, a fratricidal tragedy occurred. Both North and South Korea actively utilized railroads to wage war efficiently. This was because utilizing the railroad to its fullest potential had a major impact on winning or losing the war. In particular, unlike South Korea, which was poorly prepared for war, North Korea planned to actively utilize railroads to wage war efficiently even before the war, and actually put this into practice. After the outbreak of war, South Korea also actively used railroads in the war effort and expanded several railroad lines. The framework created in this way was used to form the post-war Cold War system and develop the national economy, and the results continue to this day. This aspect of the Korean railway has both universality and specificity in world railway history, so it can be said to have great research value. However, to date, not much research has been conducted in Korean railroad history focusing on the Korean War. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the role of railroads and their subsequent influence in the Korean War.

Reconstruction of Goguryeo-Former Yan campaign from the Goguryeo’s South and North routes in 4th Century

Shin, Kwang cheol | 2024, (132) | pp.123~170 | number of Cited : 0

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In the 4th century, East Asia entered a great transformation period called the 'Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties Era魏晉南北朝時代'. A large number of groups north of the Great Wall from the north began to move south to the the central Chinese plains[中原], which soon caused long-term chaos in the Huabei area. Xianbei鮮卑, in particular, began to expand its power based on Liaoxi遼西. The former Yan前燕, founded by Murongbu慕容部, increased its national power through competition with the surrounding HouZhao後趙, Goguryeo高句麗, Buyeo夫餘, Yuwenbu宇文部and duanbu 段部, especially with Liaodong遼東in between. Former Yan, who had maintained the two eastern and western military lines all the time, decided to subdue Goguryeo in the east before moving south to the central Chinese plains. Muronghuang慕容皝, who mobilized a total of 55,000 troops in 342, divided his forces into Goguryeo's South and North routes. Contrary to Goguryeo's expectation that the main force of former Yan would come to North route, which was large and flat, the main force led by Muronghuang marched to the rough and narrow south and occupied Wandoucheng丸都城, the capital at once. After experiencing a crisis of national survival, Goguryeo had to postpone its plan for its expansion into Liaodong for decades, while former Yan secured the Hebei河北region and rose to become an empire. It is worth recalling that the stark history of the two countries originated from the Goguryeo-Former Yan campaign in 342. Therefore, we will review previous studies that pitifully located the South and North routes, which were the core of the campaign at the time, and reorganize the entire 342 years. Furthermore, we intend to broaden our understanding of the history of the history of the time and prepare a place to look at Goguryeo history within the framework of the chaotic international situation in the 4th century.

Goguryeo's loss of the Han River basin in the mid-6th century and the limits of its southward advance policy

Park jong-seo | 2024, (132) | pp.171~212 | number of Cited : 0

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A study on changes in the construction of the Silla fortress in the Imjin River basin

Kwon, Soon-Jin | 2024, (132) | pp.213~248 | number of Cited : 0

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Silla dynasty, which advanced north of the Imjin River in the mid-6th century, built a castle and a defense system at a point corresponding to the Goguryeo castle. We examined the process of the castle's transformation in three stages. First, the castles built at that time included Gamaksan Fortress, Sucheol Fortress, Choseongrisan Fortress, Gosong Fortress, and Juwonrisan Fortress on the horizontal defense line connecting the Imjin River and Hantan River, and Halmisan Fortress, Naedari Fortress, and Eoeum Fortress in the Cheorwon area located in the upper reaches of the Hantan River. These castles are mainly composed of Silla relics from the mid-6th century, and considering that no roof tiles have been excavated, they appear to have been built intensively over a short period of time. The size of the fortress is small, and it is limited for staging a sit-in. Therefore, it is highly likely that the fortifications were built purely for combat purposes centered on the base area rather than for stable control of the occupied area. In addition, medium to large fortresses in the Imjin River basin, such as Odusan Fortress, Chiljung Fortress, Oknyebongsan Fortress, Gunjasan Fortress, Daejeonrisan Fortress, Seongdongrisan Fortress, Banwolsan Fortress, Dongjusan Fortress, and Seongsan Fortress, were newly built, expanded, and rebuilt around the time the Imjin River basin entered a relatively stable period, allowing Goguryeo, It was used in the battle against the Tang. In addition, these castles simultaneously performed the function of county fortresses, the bases of local governance. In addition, Odusan Fortress, Deokjinsan Fortress, Horogoru, Dangpo Fortress, and Eundaeri Fortress are adjacent to the coast of the Imjin River, so they are thought to have controlled the Imjin River waterway during the Great Goryeo and Silla-Tang wars and at the same time served as defensive functions and supply bases.

The Organization of the Tang army during Goguryo-Tang War in 645

Choi Jin Yeoul | 2024, (132) | pp.249~284 | number of Cited : 0