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The Battle Formation andNaval Weapons Employment of the Joseon Navy

KIM BYONGLYUEN 1

1국방부

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This thesis is to study on the Battle Formation and naval weapons employment of the Joseon Navy. In pre-modern battles, Battle Formation is a core element that affects the outcome towards a victory or a defeat. The focus of this thesis is to analyze which Battle Formation of the Joseon Navy was introduced, systemized, and changed. The Royal court records of the Joseon Dynasty in 1451, titled the Neo-Regulation of Battle Formation(Sin-Jinbeob⋅新陣法) explains Battle Formations, including the Battle Formation of Hagik(鶴翼陣). and a military tactical manual of the Joseon Dynasty in 1492, titled the Battle Formation(Ohwi-Jinbeob⋅五衛陣法) contains references to Battle Formations as well. A Battle Formations that has been recorded in the Neo-Regulation of Battle Formation was originally from the Army. But, Officers Personnel management System between the Army and Navy that it does not separate. Therefore, Regulation about the Battle Formation that had been used in the Army was naturally dispersed into the Navy as well. The Armed Forces of the Joseon Dynasty introduced Chinese General Qi Ji-guang's Art of War in the Imjin War. General Qi Ji-guang's Art of War was first introduced and adopted into the Army at the end of the 16th Century. As years passed, General Qi Ji-guang's Art of War spread to the Joseon Navy a well. In the late 18th Century, the ratio of Qi Ji-guang's Style Battle Formations was 50% on the Joseon Navy's Exercise Manual. Because there was no strict separation of the Army and Navy during the Later Period of the Joseon Dynasty, the diffusion of the Art of War into both organizations was not a surprising event. Rather, it was a natural occurrence of the closely communication and changing roles within these closely-tied organizations. It was regular practice to have Naval gun's fire from a distance of 240m from hostile ships during the latter part of the Joseon Dynasty. It fires a longer distance because the hit probability is very low. However, the reloading time was slow, and this was problematic for battle situations. However, because of the slow reload rate, the Joseon Navy use not only canons but also smaller weapons such as handheld Bomb, Arquebus. The Joseon Navy retained the use of archers during this period as well. Therefore, Archers continued to serve as one of the main methods of combat in the Navy Warships during the Later Joseon Dynasty.

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