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The overhauling of capital defense system and militarized urbanization in late Joseon dynasty

Lee wang moo 1

1한국학중앙연구원

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to survey the changes in the system of the military aspects of the capital city in late Joseon Dynasty, especially in the middle of the 18th century. After a series of war, two times of invasions at those times, the military power was focusing on the defense system of the capital city and the metropolitan area. This was the result of the military strategy that the Joseon dynasty in late period had pursued. Joseon dynasty had carried out the overhauling and installation of Five military systems or organizations which were regular forces in capital city ‘Hanyang’ and it’s surrounding area, such as Hunlyondokam(the group of military officer for defending the capital area after the invasion of Japan), Uryoungchong(It was installed after Igual’s rebellion to defend the key fortress of the capital city), Kumwiyoung(It’s mission was the royal palace defense), Suurchoung(It was activated for the southern part of capital), Chongungchong(It was also installed after Igual’s rebellion for the defending the northern part of capital.)There was great human migration toward the capital city caused by abnormal climate, frequent famine and epidemic. Thanks to the rapid increase of population in the capital, Economic developments in the area had been in progress. As a result of those things, the capital was urbanized rapidly. So It was necessary for Joseon to overhaul the militay systems with the increased populations. These phenomena had not just happened in the Joseon Dynasty but happened in other countries which was global trends. The reinforcement and overhaul the military systems caused by the urbanization was similar to European Kingdoms’ cases after the military revolution of the 17~18th century. This paper focused on the capital city's population that increased in late Jeosun Dynasty, and which would explain the concepts about the urbanization and the overhauling military systems in late Joseon dynasty.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.