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Military Defence System of Pocheon and Banwol fortress from the late 5th to mid-7th centuries

Kim, Kang-hun 1

1구미중학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This article is a study that examines the Military Defence System of Pocheon, which is centered on Banwol Fortress, from the late 5th to the mid 7th centuries. Since 475, Goguryeo had built a number of defense facilities in the Han River to Imjin River basin. However, Goguryeo's fortresses are not clearly identified in the Pocheon area. This is because the main route in the northeast-southwest direction formed along the Chugaryeong Tectonic Valley did not match the southward direction of Goguryeo. In addition, Goguryeo didn’t need to attack downstream of the Han River by mobilizing Ye (Malgal) in the Wonsan Bay area. Therefore, the Banwol Fortress in the late 5th and mid 6th centuries was not actively used as a defense facility. Instead, Goguryeo operated the Pocheon area centering on the Seongdong-ri Fortress. Goguryeo took military action to recover the Han River basin in 603. At this time, Goguryeo used a route leading to Cheorwon-PocheonBukhansanseong. With this battle, Silla confirmed the military geographical importance of the Pocheon area. Goguryeo attacked the midwest inland region of Gangwon and advanced toward Cheorwon-Pocheon in 608. Goguryeo threatened Silla's domination of the Han River basin by occupying the Nangbi Fortress, now presumed to be Banwol Fortress. Silla attacked the Nangbi Fortress and occupied it in 629, and after that, Silla constructed the military defence system of Pocheon, centering on Banwol Fortress. This served as a factor facilitating Silla winning the war against Goguryeo and Tang.

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