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Pyrrhonism and Buddhism

  • PHILOSOPHY·THOUGHT·CULTURE
  • 2016, (21), pp.91~118
  • Publisher : Research Institute for East-West Thought
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Published : January 31, 2016

Hwang Sul Joong 1

1대전대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The aim of this article is to compare ancient Pyrrhonism with Madhyamaka Buddhism. It is well known that Pyrrhonism bears a striking similarity to Madhyamaka. By demonstrating that all concepts are related and dependent on each other, Sextus Empiricus and Nāgārjuna attempt to liberate from all kinds of dogmatic anxiety. Yet they do not establish their own theories. Here I try to clarify the sceptical forms of argument which they employ in common to destroy dogmatic views. While analysing the key texts of Pyrrhonist and Madhyamaka, namely Sextus Empiricus’ Outlines of Pyrrhonism and Nāgārjuna’s The Fundamental Wisdom of the Middle way, I reach the conclusion that they shared the same dialectic to attack all sorts of dualistic, substantial ways of thinking. Surprisingly enough, they have the almost same theoretical forms and contents which are hard to find in the Eastern and Western philosophy. Meanwhile, it is noticeable that in a later period Madhyamaka Buddhism went through the developmental process, but Pyrrhonism did not so. In the West Pyrrhonism has always been treated as a philosophical enemy to be overcome necessarily. This fact suggests that it is difficult for the modern western philosophers to accept the teachings of Madhyamaka Buddhism positively.

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