@article{ART003302970},
author={Taewan Kim and Seung In Kim},
title={Effects of Providing ETA and Alternative Transport Information on Passenger Trust and Acceptance in Automated Vehicle Error Situations},
journal={Industry Promotion Research},
issn={2466-1139},
year={2026},
volume={11},
number={1},
pages={185-193},
doi={10.21186/IPR.2026.11.1.185}
TY - JOUR
AU - Taewan Kim
AU - Seung In Kim
TI - Effects of Providing ETA and Alternative Transport Information on Passenger Trust and Acceptance in Automated Vehicle Error Situations
JO - Industry Promotion Research
PY - 2026
VL - 11
IS - 1
PB - Industrial Promotion Institute
SP - 185
EP - 193
SN - 2466-1139
AB - This study examined how providing estimated delay time (ETA) and alternative transport information during autonomous vehicle malfunction situations affects passengers’ psychological and behavioral responses. Using a 2×2 factorial design, the presence of ETA and alternative options was manipulated, and measures included anxiety, system trust, perceived control, technology acceptance, and behavioral intention. The results showed: First, conditions with ETA or alternative information yielded higher trust and acceptance than the control group. Second, when both ETA and alternative information were provided, passengers reported the lowest anxiety and the highest trust, perceived control, and acceptance. Third, ETA provision significantly increased the likelihood of choosing system-recommended transfer over waiting or abandoning the service. Fourth, alternative information and technology acceptance had positive but less consistent effects compared to ETA. Overall, the findings confirm that providing both ETA and alternative options in error situations is a key strategy to enhance passengers’ perceived control, psychological stability, and service acceptance.
KW - Autonomous Vehicle;Error-state HMI;Perceived control;System Trust;ETA;Alternative transport system;TAM
DO - 10.21186/IPR.2026.11.1.185
ER -
Taewan Kim and Seung In Kim. (2026). Effects of Providing ETA and Alternative Transport Information on Passenger Trust and Acceptance in Automated Vehicle Error Situations. Industry Promotion Research, 11(1), 185-193.
Taewan Kim and Seung In Kim. 2026, "Effects of Providing ETA and Alternative Transport Information on Passenger Trust and Acceptance in Automated Vehicle Error Situations", Industry Promotion Research, vol.11, no.1 pp.185-193. Available from: doi:10.21186/IPR.2026.11.1.185
Taewan Kim, Seung In Kim "Effects of Providing ETA and Alternative Transport Information on Passenger Trust and Acceptance in Automated Vehicle Error Situations" Industry Promotion Research 11.1 pp.185-193 (2026) : 185.
Taewan Kim, Seung In Kim. Effects of Providing ETA and Alternative Transport Information on Passenger Trust and Acceptance in Automated Vehicle Error Situations. 2026; 11(1), 185-193. Available from: doi:10.21186/IPR.2026.11.1.185
Taewan Kim and Seung In Kim. "Effects of Providing ETA and Alternative Transport Information on Passenger Trust and Acceptance in Automated Vehicle Error Situations" Industry Promotion Research 11, no.1 (2026) : 185-193.doi: 10.21186/IPR.2026.11.1.185
Taewan Kim; Seung In Kim. Effects of Providing ETA and Alternative Transport Information on Passenger Trust and Acceptance in Automated Vehicle Error Situations. Industry Promotion Research, 11(1), 185-193. doi: 10.21186/IPR.2026.11.1.185
Taewan Kim; Seung In Kim. Effects of Providing ETA and Alternative Transport Information on Passenger Trust and Acceptance in Automated Vehicle Error Situations. Industry Promotion Research. 2026; 11(1) 185-193. doi: 10.21186/IPR.2026.11.1.185
Taewan Kim, Seung In Kim. Effects of Providing ETA and Alternative Transport Information on Passenger Trust and Acceptance in Automated Vehicle Error Situations. 2026; 11(1), 185-193. Available from: doi:10.21186/IPR.2026.11.1.185
Taewan Kim and Seung In Kim. "Effects of Providing ETA and Alternative Transport Information on Passenger Trust and Acceptance in Automated Vehicle Error Situations" Industry Promotion Research 11, no.1 (2026) : 185-193.doi: 10.21186/IPR.2026.11.1.185
