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The Dual Pathways of Negative Feedback: The Moderating Role of Psychological Safety

  • Industry Promotion Research
  • Abbr : IPR
  • 2026, 11(3), pp.39~49
  • DOI : 10.21186/IPR.2026.11.3.039
  • Publisher : Industrial Promotion Institute
  • Research Area : Interdisciplinary Studies > Interdisciplinary Research
  • Received : June 15, 2026
  • Accepted : June 24, 2026
  • Published : July 31, 2026

Kim Soojin 1 Choi Dongwon 1

1이화여자대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Feedback shapes employees' motivation and performance by informing them of their performance levels and guiding behavioral adjustments, yet negative feedback can produce unintended adverse outcomes. Prior research has examined either the positive or negative consequences of negative feedback, introducing situational moderators to explain mixed findings, but has largely overlooked the possibility that negative feedback simultaneously carries both an informational signal and an ego-threat signal?and that a single employee may experience conflicting psychological reactions concurrently. Drawing on self-regulation theory and the ego-threat perspective, this study proposes that negative feedback simultaneously activates two distinct psychological pathways, increasing both feedback acceptance and feedback resistance, which in turn promote voice behavior and counterproductive work behavior, respectively. Analyzing survey data from 200 employees in South Korean firms, we find that negative feedback promotes voice behavior through feedback acceptance, while it increases feedback resistance and counterproductive work behavior only when psychological safety is low. These findings offer theoretical extensions to the feedback literature and practical implications for organizational feedback management.

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