2016, Vol.23, No.2

Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.61

pISSN : 1225-8539 / eISSN : 2671-5171
https://journal.kci.go.kr/japs

This article aims to propose new perspectives for corporate history in colonial Korea. The focus is on the ‘business group’ frame which Mark Granovetter has been used for analysing the corporate governance structure of big companies in East Asia. Granovetter argued Zaibatsu in Japan, Jaebol in Korea, and family-owned enterprises in Taiwan to be analyzed as ‘business group’. This unique composition of those companies is very different from the American big corporations such as General Motors, Dupont, Standard Oil com. which were defined as the ideal model of the contemporary capitalist economy system by Alfred Chandler. This model corporations are characterized by ‘vertical integration’ in terms of Oliver Williamson, but the business groups in East Asia are composed of many industrial irrelevant affiliates governed by a particular owner family. The analytic points of this article are (1) historical formation of this corporate structure, (2) relation of state and business corporation which has supported that structure, and (3) the rule of state-corporation carried out in that relationship.

South China Sea conflict initially refers to a dispute over authority of attribution and delimitation of maritime boundaries between China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei for islands located in South China Sea. In other words, South China Sea conflict was a matter between countries directly concerned initially but not a matter between US and China. After Obama government inaugurated, US began to intervene in a matter of South China Sea conflict actively with implementation of strategy of ‘Pivot to Asia’ and worsened the conflict by explicitly supporting Vietnam and Philippines that are countries directly concerned. Conflict between China's aspiration to expand its influence on the islands located in South China Sea and US's strategy to check the expansion of influence of China underlies such dispute. There has been a conflict between US and China in the islands located in South China Sea recently. It is not too much say that a solution for the conflict depends on relations between US and China. This paper views the cause of military tension between US and China that appears in South China Sea as competition for having upper hand between US and China not simple military competition. This paper foresees the direction of South China Sea conflict by analyzing position and goal of policy on South China Sea stated by US and China and by analyzing a change in the nature of South China Sea conflict depending on a change in relations between US and China.

This paper explores the types and operational models of cooperatives in Northeast Asia. Particularly, this paper takes a comprehensive approach to understand their diverse legal forms. Both the english-oriented concepts such as ‘cooperative’, ‘association’, ‘partnership’, and ‘union’, and the indigenous ones such as hezuoshe in China, Kumiai in Japan, and Johab in South Korea are considered. In fact, an in-depth research of these indigenous terms and institutions will offer important and alternative perspectives for the further development of social economy in three countries. This paper first elaborates a basic concept of social economy and cooperative and the abovementioned indigenous terms and institutions. As a result, this paper points out that there are over 80 types of cooperative in the three countries. Secondly, the operational characteristic and development of these organizations are examined in-depth. Their operational models are eventually classified into four categories: domination by central organization, complex network, popular-based small enterprises, and local community formation. Finally, this paper summaries some implications of these models on the further development of social economy in the three countries.