2014, Vol.22, No.2

Journal of Counseling and Gospel 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.55

pISSN : 1739-0745 / eISSN : 2799-6530
https://journal.kci.go.kr/jocag

This article examines the resources derived from the general approach and Christian approach to grief and loss caused by death. In the general approach, clinical studies analysed the mourner's grieving process and suggested the tasks of mourning for restoration within the context of Western social cultural trend typified by the death-denying. According to the Christian approach, Christian counselors emphasized the distinctive faith resources such as hope and the means of grace, the practical tools such as the liturgy, the Scriptures, and prayer, and the necessity to perceive the reality of loss and express emotions. Furthermore, this article concretizes three aspects in some insightful contents of the preceding research data, which can be available to apply for Christian care practices. Based on this understanding, the caregiver would help survivors to grieve appropriately their loss and take them through the grief work. First, emphasizing the necessity to perceive the several faces of grieving reactions and the importance of emotional expression. The appropriate understanding of the dynamics of grief can be the good first step to help the person who had experienced the loss. Second, suggesting the significance of releasing what's happened and accept the reality as it is. Third, grasping not only the meaning of the hardships through the grieving process, but also the Lord who is an object of great reverence and give the grieving person the real meaning of loss.

The act of self-denial in the Christianity seems to be in conflict with the idea of self-fulfillment. True self-denial however leads to self-fulfillment in God. Within the framework of true and false self based on Donald W. Winnicott's theory and Christian theology, this paper addresses the reality that while self-denial by the false self results in distorted practices of denial, the practice of self-denial motivated by the true self rather achieves self-fulfillment. In self-denial by the false self, people feel empty, though it may help them to adapt to a religious environment. The defensive reaction of the false self has a tendency to reveal itself with compliant, aggressive, and evasive self-denial. However, the true self in the practice of self-denial can fulfill the roles that God empowers to the self, find spiritual satisfaction, and feel real in the restored relationships with God and others. Given that pastoral environments provide "good-enough mothering" and "responsible fatherly care" for a psychologically and spiritually safe place to reveal the true self, an individual can face his/her reality of false self-denial and engage in true self-denial. The true self then can practice mortification of sin and self-giving love through surrendering to God within community, and eventually accomplish self-fulfillment, which completes the purpose of God and glorifies God.

This research is concerned to correlation between high school student’s spiritual wellbeing and internet addiction or comorbidity. Using questionnaire method, the study is based on 212 student’s answers in Christian high school. The results are as follows. First, there is a meaningful difference in spiritual wellbeing, Internet addiction, and comorbidity according to the general attribute. The students who go the church have been better spiritual wellbeing level and who don’t go to church have been higher internet addition and comorbidity. When the period of attending church is longer, their spiritual wellbeing level was higher. But the period is short their level of withdrawal symptoms of addition and comorbidity was higher. If the students have the conviction of salvation in Christianity, their spiritual wellbeing level was higher and withdrawal symptoms was lower. Second, between the Spiritual wellbeing and Internet addition or comorbidity there was meaningful connection. In relations of wellbeing and Internet addition, there was meaningful negative correlation and between the Internet addition and the comorbidity has meaningful static correlation. As the result of this research, spiritual wellbeing, internet addition or comorbidity has meaningful difference according to student’s spiritual activity. Moreover, the higher spiritual wellbeing leads lower Internet addition and comorbidity. For spiritual wellbeing causes negative correlation between Internet addiction and comorbidity. This research has significant meaning in understanding correlation between spiritual wellbeing and internet addition or comorbidity. And discovering necessity that a society need to concern high school student’s spiritual wellbeing to protect internet addition disorder and comorbidity.