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Reforms Based on Consensus: The Market-Oriented Reforms of the Swedish Elderly Care since 1990s

  • Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea
  • Abbr : JSSK
  • 2021, (27), pp.1-40
  • Publisher : The Scandinavian Society of Korea
  • Research Area : Social Science > Area Studies > North Europe(Scandinavian)
  • Received : June 1, 2021
  • Accepted : June 23, 2021
  • Published : June 30, 2021

Shin Jeongwan 1

1경북대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The Swedish elderly care services have been marketized since 1990s, and the marketization has been facilitated by the decentralization of welfare administration. The Marketization of elderly care services has been pursued, based on broad consensus among main political parties and interest groups, without severe political conflicts. The representative theories explaining the market-oriented reforms of the welfare state in advanced capitalist economies are based on the premise that market-oriented reforms would cause severe political confrontations. So they are inadequate for explaining the reform processes of the Swedish elderly care services. This paper suggests the elements to be included in the analytical framework which can explain the market-oriented reforms based on consensus. Based on the framework, this paper points out the main factors which made possible the market-oriented reforms based on consensus: the long time horizon of the Swedish Social Democratic Party with very long period of reign, which made it possible to pursue reform policies which may cause political cost in the short run; that the government investigation committees as policy discussion platform functioned as institution facilitating consensus building among main political actors; that the Swedish Social Democratic Party was pressed hard to seek new policy alternatives by the depression in 1970s and high inflation in late 1980s; that strong welfare pluralism coalition was built in early 1990s as the political forces opposing the marketization of elderly care disappeared; that the municipalities providing elderly care services had to pursue reforms for cost saving, faced with very bad financial conditions.

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