KJCKorea
Journal Central

@article{ART003297577},
author={Sung, Heayoung},
title={Ideological Orientation of the Finnish Pension System and Pension Reform: Path Creation and Path Dependence},
journal={Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea},
issn={1229-8646},
year={2025},
number={36},
pages={1},
doi={10.26548/scandi.2025.36.001}

TY - JOUR
AU - Sung, Heayoung
TI - Ideological Orientation of the Finnish Pension System and Pension Reform: Path Creation and Path Dependence
JO - Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea
PY - 2025
VL - null
IS - 36
PB - The Scandinavian Society of Korea
SP - 1
EP -
SN - 1229-8646
AB - The purpose of this study is to identify, within a historical context, the reasons why pension reforms in Finland aimed at securing the sustainability of pension finances have been implemented without triggering social conflict. The analysis reveals that the Finnish pension system evolved into its current earning-related structure through a competitive development process in which the earning-related pension prevailed over the universal basic pension. As ideological orientation and institutional design became firmly intertwined, the key players in the development of the earning-related pension system became labors and employers, while the roles of the government and parliament were diminished. The government’s role was minimized to providing guidelines such as maintaining overall expenditure limits and preserving the characteristics of the system. Measures to ensure sustainability were set primarily by stakeholders, thereby minimizing social conflict. Rather than undergoing large-scale reforms, Finland has maintained its framework through frequent parametric adjustments, creating a path-dependent trajectory that continues to shape its pension reforms today.
KW - Finland;pension reform;financial sustainability;path dependence;historical context
DO - 10.26548/scandi.2025.36.001
ER -

Sung, Heayoung. (2025). Ideological Orientation of the Finnish Pension System and Pension Reform: Path Creation and Path Dependence. Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea, 36, 1.

Sung, Heayoung. 2025, "Ideological Orientation of the Finnish Pension System and Pension Reform: Path Creation and Path Dependence", Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea, no.36, 1. Available from: doi:10.26548/scandi.2025.36.001

Sung, Heayoung "Ideological Orientation of the Finnish Pension System and Pension Reform: Path Creation and Path Dependence" Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea 36 1 (2025) : 1.

Sung, Heayoung. Ideological Orientation of the Finnish Pension System and Pension Reform: Path Creation and Path Dependence. 2025; 36 : 1. Available from: doi:10.26548/scandi.2025.36.001

Sung, Heayoung. "Ideological Orientation of the Finnish Pension System and Pension Reform: Path Creation and Path Dependence" Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea no.36(2025) : 1.doi: 10.26548/scandi.2025.36.001

Sung, Heayoung. Ideological Orientation of the Finnish Pension System and Pension Reform: Path Creation and Path Dependence. Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea, 36, 1. doi: 10.26548/scandi.2025.36.001

Sung, Heayoung. Ideological Orientation of the Finnish Pension System and Pension Reform: Path Creation and Path Dependence. Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea. 2025; 36 1. doi: 10.26548/scandi.2025.36.001

Sung, Heayoung. Ideological Orientation of the Finnish Pension System and Pension Reform: Path Creation and Path Dependence. 2025; 36 : 1. Available from: doi:10.26548/scandi.2025.36.001

Sung, Heayoung. "Ideological Orientation of the Finnish Pension System and Pension Reform: Path Creation and Path Dependence" Journal of the Scandinavian Society of Korea no.36(2025) : 1.doi: 10.26548/scandi.2025.36.001