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ndustrial Cluster Theory and Application Case Study for Local Revitalization

  • Legal Theory & Practice Review
  • Abbr : LTPR
  • 2025, 13(1), pp.329~378
  • Publisher : The Korea Society for Legal Theory and Practice Inc.
  • Research Area : Social Science > Law
  • Received : February 9, 2025
  • Accepted : February 20, 2025
  • Published : February 28, 2025

Lee, Ji-Youn 1,  Kim, Sang-Jin 2

1세명대
2세명대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

You may have heard the term industrial cluster a lot. Industrial clustering is a phenomenon that greatly influences the local economy. This structure, in which economic development is promoted by concentrating industries in specific regions such as Silicon Valley or wine clusters, is attracting attention around the world. Companies in the same industry and related industries come together to create cost reduction, efficiency, and innovation, thereby increasing the competitiveness of the entire region. In the United States, the evaluation of regional clusters has already been conducted in many studies. For example, the U.S. National Competitiveness Council, in its research report (Clusters of Innovation), identifies 41 clusters across the United States. Among these are internationally renowned areas such as North Carolina’s Research Triangle, the Washington DC area, and Boston, as well as areas that are not well known in Korea such as Wichita. The report conducts an empirical analysis of these regions and concludes that the strongest and most competitive clusters are an essential component of creating an excellent business environment and a driving force for innovation and productivity improvement within the region. Second, it is said that the natural formation of a cluster is not easy, and in order to create one, it is important for regional industry, academia, and government to share a regional strategy (vision) and to achieve broad cooperation between industry, academia, and government accordingly. In order to form a competitive cluster, each component such as the federal government, local governments, universities, and institutions that promote cooperation within the cluster has its own role. In fact, in the United States, for example, there have already been several initiatives related to the formation of regional research bases that gather critical mass intellectual talent, the establishment of joint industry-academia research centers or technology parks, the establishment of support centers for entrepreneurs and small and medium-sized businesses such as SBDCs or incubators, and the formation of clusters. Various policies are being pursued to coordinate the activities of institutions and promote cooperation. In this paper, we explain the basic definition of industrial agglomeration, its types, examples, and theoretical background, and review its mechanisms, growth factors, and success cases based on Michael Porter’s cluster theory.

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