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The Management of Financial Deficit under the Ancien Regime

  • Korean Review of French History
  • Abbr : KRFH
  • 2007, (17), pp.91~126
  • Publisher : KOREAN SOCIETY FOR FRENCH HISTORY
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Yoon Eun Joo 1

1서울대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This article aims to examine the management of financial deficit under the Ancien Regime and to analyse how this kingdom could become a great power in Europe in spite of its financial incompetence. In fact, the resistance of the Parliament to the increment of taxes was so tenacious that the balance of the budget was difficult to achieve. So, it is mysterious that Ancient Regime, well known for its financial incompetence, could finance so many wars and support the luxurious court. ‘The extraordinary affairs’ offered Ancient Regime a clever solution, because they not only covered the financial deficit and reduced the national debts but also relaxed the political tensions of the monarchy. Ancient Regime succeeded in reducing the financial deficit without raising taxes and without causing any serious political conflict. In this respect, the ‘extraordinary affairs’ must rather be a sign of flexibility of Ancient Regime than temporary expedients. The monarchy could survive as long as these ‘extraordinary affairs’ were efficient. But, in the eighteenth century when the financial structure and private money market fell under the control of financiers and when Ancien Regime could not exercise the extraordinary affairs any more, the real financial crisis began. This time, Ancien Regime was obliged to reconsider its financial structure and to revise its taxation system. French Revolution began with these financial reforms which could menace the property and privilege of aristocracy.

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