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The Study on the Characteristics and Meanings of the Sculptures of the Pensive Figure in East Asia : The Meanings of Sitting Posture and Contemplation

  • The Journal of Aesthetics and Science of Art
  • Abbr : JASA
  • 2014, 42(), pp.135-168
  • Publisher : 한국미학예술학회
  • Research Area : Arts and Kinesiology > Other Arts and Kinesiology
  • Published : October 31, 2014

SEO, NAMYOUNG 1

1중앙대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Both of the wooden Pensive Bodhisattva of Koryu-ji, the National Treasure No. 1 of Japan and the gilt bronze one of Korea, the National Treasure No. 83 had been transmitted eastward from India and gained its practical popularity in Korea and Japan as well as in China. Above all, Korean No. 83 is estimated to be a central iconography from the studies of the statues of the Buddha during the period of the Three Kingdoms in Korean history, representing the Korean Beauty as well. Throughout 5th and 6th century in East Asia, the statues of Pensive Bodhisattva became widely prevalent in fashion symbolizing the art of Buddhism and without doubt worked a fine piece of formative in expression of the way of human nature. The transmission of the religious doctrine of Buddhism explains the background of its getting popularity in East Asian regions in general, however, it is quite unclear about how and why in specific. As to an opinion that Pensive Bodhisattvas is Maitreya, this study examined the characteristics of the statue by investigating the sitting posture and the figure of hands of the Pensive Bodhisattva. Putting it in concrete way, the study speculated the meaning of the sitting posture that puts one bending leg on the other lap, called ardhaparyaṅkāsana, and also the fingers on the cheek. The study came to a conclusion that the sitting methods and postures could not regulate the opinion of Pensive Bodhisattva and Maitreya to be the same. It was found as well that Cross position, European position and Lalitāsana of Maitreya were closely related to the characteristics of ethnic groups in India and Central Asia. It was also found in the Buddhist Scripture that the contemplating figure of hands symbolized Siddhartha and other characters around Maitreya reflected Pensive Bodhisattva to carry out what's contemplated.

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