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The Logic and Limitations of ‘Program Art’ : Calculated Creativity

  • The Journal of Aesthetics and Science of Art
  • Abbr : JASA
  • 2019, 57(), pp.331-360
  • DOI : 10.17527/JASA.57.0.12
  • Publisher : 한국미학예술학회
  • Research Area : Arts and Kinesiology > Other Arts and Kinesiology
  • Received : April 14, 2019
  • Accepted : May 11, 2019
  • Published : June 30, 2019

Pyung-jong Park 1

1중앙대학교 인문콘텐츠연구소

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning of experimental art using computer programs and algorithms and to examine the possibilities and limitations of artistic practice. I would like to call the program-based art, which is defined as the core of the device, arbitrarily called ‘Program Art’. 'Program Art' means literally produced art based on the program. The program is designed to produce results in accordance with predefined rules, and its principles are deterministic and predictable. Therefore, the art that relies on the program conflicts with the main principle of art creation. It seems to harm ‘creativity’, the most universal virtue required for works of art. However, the works of William Latham and Karl Sims, which use evolutionary algorithms, are further reinforced with ‘indeterminism’ and ‘unpredictability’. Objects produced through artificial evolution show new forms that did not exist in the past. Here, the program chooses the most improvable form. At this time, the artist can not predict what form the program will have. The creative possibilities of program art relies on these ‘indeterminacy’ and ‘unpredictability’. If creativity is the ability to produce new, valuable ideas that have not existed in the past, the work the program produces can be creative. However, novelty must be perceived as valuable to humans in order to have creativity. This requires a comprehensive judgment of human beings, including philosophy, aesthetics, psychology, and history. In this respect, ‘program art’ does not intensify human exclusion but rather promotes active participation of human beings. Under this condition, program art can open up new areas that artistic practices of the past could not reach.

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This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.
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