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The Influence of Korean Wave on Chinese Fan Culture — A Case Study of Seasons 1 & 2 of PRODUCE 101

  • The Journal of Study on Language and Culture of Korea and China
  • Abbr : JSLCKC
  • 2025, (76), pp.411~440
  • DOI : 10.16874/jslckc.2025..76.016
  • Publisher : Korean Society of Study on Chinese Languge and Culture
  • Research Area : Humanities > Chinese Language and Literature
  • Received : April 10, 2025
  • Accepted : May 20, 2025
  • Published : May 31, 2025

웨이위안(魏园) 1 Daegeun Lim 2

1한국외국어대학교 글로벌문화콘텐츠학과
2한국외국어대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Since the 1990s, the Korean Wave (Hallyu) has exerted a profound influence on the cultural consumption patterns of Chinese youth, driven by the rapid rise of idol culture and the fan economy. The Korean audition program PRODUCE 101, centered on the concept of “national producers,” cultivated a highly interactive fan culture through social media engagement and real-time voting. This study takes the show’s first and second seasons as its primary focus and investigates its dissemination in China as well as its impact on local fan culture. Drawing on Henry Jenkins’ theories of “participatory culture” and “textual poachers,” the paper explores how Chinese fans evolved from passive viewers to active content creators, participating deeply in idol development through voting, fan campaigns, and secondary cultural production. The program also spurred domestic Chinese audition shows such as Idol Producer and CHUANG 101, and introduced neologisms like “C-position” and “national producer” into fan discourse. However, with increasing commercial involvement, fan culture shows signs of over-commercialization, including data manipulation and resource waste, raising concerns over sustainability. Against this backdrop, PRODUCE 101 not only reshaped the practices of fan culture in China, but also facilitated cultural exchange between Korea and China, offering new developmental models for China’s cultural industry.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.