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The Distribution of Spoils and the Principle of Justice in First Samuel 30: A Narrative Approach

NAEYOUN CHO 1

1명지대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study explores the significance of the dispute over distributing spoils of war in 1 Samuel 30 by connecting it to contemporary discourses on distributive justice. It begins with a narrative analysis of 1 Samuel 30, examining its structure, contents and characters. It then investigates the regulation of spoils throughout the Old Testament, distinguishing between two types of warfare. In wars with specific religious or ethical aims, the acquisition of spoils was officially forbidden, yet this rule was often loosely applied. In conventional warfare, however, clear principles for distribution existed. Within this framework, 1 Samuel 30 is presented as a representative case in which a dispute over spoils gave rise to a principle of justice articulated by David. The paper then outlines three major modern theories of distributive justice—those of Robert Nozick, John Rawls, and Michael Sandel. By re-examining the dispute in 1 Samuel 30 through the lens of these theories, the study ultimately considers the enduring insights offered by David's principle of justice.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2024 are currently being built.