@article{ART001326624},
author={Wonho Park},
title={The Signs of Ming "Hongzhi Restoration" Observed by Koreans in Late 15th Century},
journal={JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES},
issn={1229-3806},
year={2005},
number={18},
pages={211-235}
TY - JOUR
AU - Wonho Park
TI - The Signs of Ming "Hongzhi Restoration" Observed by Koreans in Late 15th Century
JO - JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES
PY - 2005
VL - null
IS - 18
PB - CHINESE STUDIES INSTITUTE
SP - 211
EP - 235
SN - 1229-3806
AB - 明代政治史上,將明代中期明孝宗時期一般稱爲‘弘治中興’或‘弘治新政’。‘弘治中興’是爲了清除以久的積弊而展開的改革,既‘弘治新政’的結果。明孝宗的許多改革政治通過往返於北京和朝鮮的使節及時地傳到了朝鮮。朝鮮成宗對關於明孝宗的改革政治非常感興趣,熱衷於通過從北京訪問回來的使臣探聽消息。這些關於‘新政’的發展過程,是以官人的人事移動爲中心在『明實錄』中也有記載。但跟將事單純、及時地載入『明實錄』不同,『朝鮮王朝實錄』裏,是以作爲鄰國的角度,較客觀地把‘弘治新政’的發展情況與明朝政治氛圍相結合,生動地載了當時的情況。
同時奉成宗旨意得到濟洲出差的敬差官崔溥,傳聞父親去世的消息,在坐船回陵地的途中,遭遇暴風,漂流到浙江省臺州臨海縣,這時正爲弘治元年(朝鮮成宗19年,1488)閏正月。催溥作爲漂流民在弘治元年間停留在中國的136天時間,正爲‘弘治中興’的初期。在催溥停留在中國的時間裏,在『漂海錄』中生動地記載著當時‘新政’開展弘治元年的政治、社會氛圍。例如,當時有的官人要制定紀綱時怕遭到皇上追究責任的事,當時在紹興審問過催溥的總兵官黃宗和催溥在蘇州見過的太監羅政雙雙被貶職的情形,把新建的庵子撤掉和讓沒有度牒的和尚還俗的佛教壓迫的情況等描述。
事實上,當時的朝鮮朝廷是經過數月的時差,無遺漏地了解到,在明孝宗即位初期,把一些專橫的宦官勢力和萬氏族親清除之後,淘汰了作爲佛儈和道士出任官職的人,根據銓注實行公正的人事政策,嚴格執行法令等情況。甚至更細致地了解到即使天氣再不好也要舉行早朝,從不漏掉經筵,在宴會中從不使用音樂,明孝宗從不垂涎於珍寶的節儉個性等。但以猛烈的形勢推行的‘新政’,因明孝宗的熱情減退,改革放慢了速度。這些變化從開始便通過到北京的使節細致的觀察,在『朝鮮王朝實錄』的弘治5年和7年記事裏有所記載,但反而同時期的『明孝宗實錄』並沒有體現出來。
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Wonho Park. (2005). The Signs of Ming "Hongzhi Restoration" Observed by Koreans in Late 15th Century. JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES, 18, 211-235.
Wonho Park. 2005, "The Signs of Ming "Hongzhi Restoration" Observed by Koreans in Late 15th Century", JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES, no.18, pp.211-235.
Wonho Park "The Signs of Ming "Hongzhi Restoration" Observed by Koreans in Late 15th Century" JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES 18 pp.211-235 (2005) : 211.
Wonho Park. The Signs of Ming "Hongzhi Restoration" Observed by Koreans in Late 15th Century. 2005; 18 : 211-235.
Wonho Park. "The Signs of Ming "Hongzhi Restoration" Observed by Koreans in Late 15th Century" JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES no.18(2005) : 211-235.
Wonho Park. The Signs of Ming "Hongzhi Restoration" Observed by Koreans in Late 15th Century. JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES, 18, 211-235.
Wonho Park. The Signs of Ming "Hongzhi Restoration" Observed by Koreans in Late 15th Century. JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES. 2005; 18 211-235.
Wonho Park. The Signs of Ming "Hongzhi Restoration" Observed by Koreans in Late 15th Century. 2005; 18 : 211-235.
Wonho Park. "The Signs of Ming "Hongzhi Restoration" Observed by Koreans in Late 15th Century" JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES no.18(2005) : 211-235.