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Taiwanese Doctors in Manchukuo

  • Journal of Manchurian Studies
  • Abbr : 만주연구
  • 2019, (27), pp.37~83
  • DOI : 10.22888/mcsa..27.201904.37
  • Publisher : The Manchurian Studies Association
  • Research Area : Social Science > Area Studies > East Asia > China
  • Received : April 11, 2019
  • Accepted : April 23, 2019
  • Published : April 30, 2019

Hsu, Hsueh-chi 1

1Academia Sinica

Accredited

ABSTRACT

After the Qing Dynasty ceded Taiwan to the Empire of Japan in May 1895, Qing Chinese who did not withdraw from Taiwan all obtained Japanese nationality in May 1897. Taiwan became an overseas territory of Japan’s empire. In 1905, Japan defeated Russia, took over Dairen and Port Arthur, which had been leased to Russia by Qing, and set up Kantoshu, gradually invading Manchuria. In 1932, Japan-supported Manchukuo was established, and Northeastern China came under Japanese imperial power. During the 40 years of Japan’s control of Manchuria to Japan’s defeat in WWII, at least 3,000 Taiwanese arrived in Manchuria. This 200 Taiwanese doctors, many of whom have been erased or forgotten in history. This essay explores what drew Taiwanese doctors to Manchuria, and how these doctors acquire the qualifications to set up large hospitals that attracted Taiwanese doctors of different specialties. This research consulted various archives, directories of doctors, official bulletins, newspapers, and oral history and interviews of persons involved to investigate how these doctors served local residents. Several of these doctors were renowned professors and females. This included Huang Zizheng, the personal doctor of Manchukuo Emperor Pu Yi. Moreover, two these doctors had received the Shengjing Times Prize. The last part of the article probes what happened to these doctors after the collapse of Manchukuo, and investigate whether these doctors stayed in Manchukuo or returned to Taiwan to join a second diaspora.

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