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Motives of Korean Volunteers to the Manchukuo Imperial Army : Focused on The Establishment of the Jiandao Special Force of 1938

  • Journal of Manchurian Studies
  • Abbr : 만주연구
  • 2022, (33), pp.123~146
  • DOI : 10.22888/mcsa..33.202204.123
  • Publisher : The Manchurian Studies Association
  • Research Area : Social Science > Area Studies > East Asia > China
  • Received : March 15, 2022
  • Accepted : April 12, 2022
  • Published : April 30, 2022

Go Hanbin 1

1전쟁기념사업회(전쟁기념관)

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study analyzed the social backgrounds and motives of Koreans who had volunteered to join the Manchukuo Imperial Army during colonization. Initially used as an auxiliary security force of the Japanese Kwantung Army, the Manchukuo Imperial Army was later involved in several border conflicts against the Soviet Union after 1937. In preparation for a possible war with the Soviet Union, the Manchukuo Imperial Army enlisted the help of foreign troops, including Koreans. Living primarily in the Jiandao region, the Koreans had already endured two decades of colonial rule and were thus seen as a valued and amenable source for troops. Koreans began volunteering for the Manchukuo Imperial Army in 1938 after the establishment of the Kanto T'ŭksŏltae (Jiandao Special Forces). Their motivations were multivarious. Some likely responded to pro-Japanese presses that encouraged Koreans living in Manchukuo to join the Army, such as Mansŏn Ilbo (Manchuria-Joseon Daily). These papers often cited the Josŏn Yukkun Tŭkpyŏl Jiwŏnbyŏngryŏng (Korean Army Special Volunteers Act) of 1938 or enticed their audiences with chances of earning civil rights as “Koukoku Shinmin (imperial subjects of Japan).” For other volunteers, national pride in Manchukuo also weighed heavily on their decision. Their memoirs are saturated with expressions that evince a national spirit. Their volunteerism exceeds mere opportunism or notions of collaborative dispositions. It reflects a deep sense of national pride.

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