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The Role of the Manchurian Civil Code in the Formation of Korean Civil Law : A Quantitative Analysis

  • Journal of Manchurian Studies
  • Abbr : 만주연구
  • 2026, (41), pp.171~201
  • Publisher : The Manchurian Studies Association
  • Research Area : Social Science > Area Studies > East Asia > China
  • Received : March 13, 2026
  • Accepted : April 27, 2026
  • Published : April 30, 2026

Bak Deokbong 1

1고려대학교 법학연구원

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study conducts a quantitative analysis of the role of the Manchurian Civil Code in the formation of Korean property law—a dimension not fully captured bythe prevailing narrative of Japanese civil law. By comparing all 766 provisions of the property law sections of the Korean Civil Code with their closest foreign counterparts, the analysis reveals that only 105 provisionshave closest matchesoutside the Manchurian Civil Code, while the remaining 661 provisions belong to categories in which the Manchurian Code is either the closest counterpartor shares that position with the Japanese Civil Code. Reception patterns vary significantlyacross the three books. In the General Provisions, 177 of 184 articles (96.2%) fall within Manchurian-related categories, indicating near-total reception. The Law of Obligations exhibits the greatest structural similaritythe three codes, yet also shows concentrated incorporationof institutions unique to the Manchurian Code, particularly in the area of lease law. The Law of Property displays the sharpest inter-chapter divergence: rights of retention and pledge exhibithigh rates of reception comparable to the General Provisions, whereasthe chonsegwon and mortgage provisionsshow markedly lower reliance on the Manchurian Code. These findings suggestthat the conventional understandingof Korean civil law formation as a direct reception of Japanese law requires substantial revision in the domain of property law. The Manchurian Civil Code functioned not merely as areference text, but as aprimary legislative template for Korean property law.

Citation status

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