The Effects of Self-Discrepancy and Depression on SNS Addiction Tendency among College Students: Moderated Mediating Effect of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies (대학생의 자기불일치와 우울이 SNS중독경향성에 미치는 영향: 인지적 정서조절전략의 조절된 매개효과)

Tae-Gon Kim (김태곤); Sujin Lee (이수진)

doi:10.16983/kjsp.2018.15.3.511

The Effects of Self-Discrepancy and Depression on SNS Addiction Tendency among College Students: Moderated Mediating Effect of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies

The Korean Journal of School Psychology
Abbr : KJSP
2018, 15(3), pp.511~535
DOI : 10.16983/kjsp.2018.15.3.511
Publisher : The Korean Journal of School Psychology
Research Area : Social Science > Psychological Science > School / Educational Psychology
Received : October 24, 2018
Accepted : December 21, 2018
Published : December 31, 2018

Tae-Gon Kim ¹, Sujin Lee ¹

¹국민대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to examine the moderated mediating effect of cognitive emotion regulation strategies through depression on the relationship between self-discrepancy and SNS addiction tendency. A total of 501 Korean college students(Males: 191/Females: 310) from two colleges in Seoul and Chung-Nam, participated in this study by responding to the following questionnaires: SNS Addiction Proneness Scale for College Students, Actual and Ideal Selves Questionnaire, The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depressions(CES-D), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), The data analysis was done using SPSS Statistics 18.0 VERSION and SPSS Process macro version 2.16 The main findings were as follows. First, SNS addiction tendency, self-discrepancy, depression and cognitive emotion regulation strategies showed statistically significant correlations. adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies had a negative correlation with SNS addiction tendency, self-discrepancy, depression. And maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies had a positive correlation with SNS addiction tendency, self-discrepancy, depression. Second, a mediating model showed that the relationship between self-discrepancy and SNS addiction tendency was partially mediated by depression. Third, using multiple regression and slope analysis, the moderation effect of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between self-discrepancy and depression was found, but not for adaptive emotion regulation strategies. Finally, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies also moderated the mediating effect of self-discrepancy on SNS addiction tendency through depression. In this study, the pathway leading to the SNS addiction tendency was examined jointly, including self-discrepancy, depression and cognitive emotional regulation strategies. And the results of this study can be effectively utilized in counseling and prevention education practice for SNS addiction. Also, limitations of the study and suggestions for future study were discussed.

KEYWORDS

Self-Discrepancy, Depression, SNS Addiction Tendency, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies, Moderated Mediating Effect

Journal Copyright Policy

This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2025 are currently being built.

[journal] 강석 / 2013 / The Effect of Adolescence's Actual-Ideal Self discrepancies on Depression :Mediating Effects of Self-Consciousness and Self-Silencing / 중등교육연구 / 사범대학부속중등교육연구소 61(4) : 811~839

[journal] 강현욱 / 2013 / A Study on the SNS addiction tendency of students and the relationship between Perceived Social Support, Loneliness, Perceived Health Status, Interpersonal Relationship and the application of therapeutic recreation through physical activity / 한국체육과학회지 / 한국체육과학회 22(1) : 121~133

[journal] 강혜자 / 2005 / The Experiences of Depression and Anxiety by Self-Discrepancies / 한국심리학회지: 건강 / 한국건강심리학회 10(3) : 349~374

[thesis] 권혜민 / 2016 / 중학생이 지각한 부모의 심리적 통제가 SNS중독경향성에 미치는 영향 : 부적응적 인지적 정서조절전략과 사회불안의 매개효과 / 석사 / 명지대학교 사회교육대학원

[journal] 김병년 / 2013 / A study on factors affecting smart-phone addiction in university students : A focus on differences in classifying risk groups / 한국청소년연구 / 한국청소년정책연구원 24(3) : 67~98

[thesis] 김소희 / 2004 / 스트레스 사건, 인지적 정서조절전략과 심리적 안녕감간의 관계 / 석사 / 가톨릭대학교 대학원

[confproc] 김양은 / 2013 / 걸음마기 영아의 정서성, 영아의 부정적 정서에 대한 어머니의 반응과 영아의 사회정서 행동과의 관계 / 한국보육지원학회 학술대회지 : 166~166

[journal] 김영수 / 2012 / The influence of self-discrepancy on interpersonal satisfaction: Mediating effect of communication apprehension / 상담학연구 / 한국상담학회 13(2) : 745~760

[thesis] 김유정 / 2002 / 청소년 인터넷 게임 중독 척도 개발 및 심리사회적 취약성 요인 / 석사 / 아주대학교 대학원

[journal] 김은영 / 2016 / The Relationship Between Depression and Smartphone Addiction among College Students and Graduate Students: Focused on the Mediating Effect of Difficulty in Emotion Regulation / 청소년학연구 / 한국청소년학회 23(6) : 97~118

[journal] 김의철 / 2004 / The basis of trust in relationships:Indigenous psychological analysis of adolescents and their parents / 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제 / 한국문화및사회문제심리학회 10(2) : 103~137

[thesis] 김정화 / 2015 / SNS 중독경향성과 인터넷 중독의 온라인 익명성, 자기애, 우울, 불안 및 대학생활적응에 대한 비교 / 석사 / 가톨릭대학교 대학원

[thesis] 김지연 / 2018 / 초등학생이 지각한 어머니의 심리적 통제와 스마트폰 중독 경향성과의 관계 : 인지적 정서조절전략의 매개효과 / 석사 / 이화여자대학교 교육대학원

[thesis] 김희정 / 2012 / 부모양육태도와 인지적 정서조절 및 대인관계성향이 인터넷 중독에 미치는 영향 / 석사 / 한양대학교 교육대학원

[journal] 나은영 / 2013 / Twitter Users’ Online Self-Disclosure : Impacts of Risk Reduction and Benefit Expectancy / 한국언론학보 / 한국언론학회 57(4) : 124~148

[thesis] 문예지 / 2017 / 대학생의 자기불일치와 스마트폰 중독 경향성의 관계 : 지각된 일상적 스트레스와 적응적 인지적 정서조절전략의 조절된 매개효과 / 석사 / 이화여자대학교 교육대학원

[thesis] 박광현 / 2018 / 대학생의 우울이 SNS 중독경향성에 미치는 영향 : 자존감과 예기불안을 매개로 / 석사 / 경북대학교 대학원

[thesis] 박덕하 / 2008 / 자기불일치와 현실 및 가상 자기효능감이 인터넷 게임중독에 미치는 영향 / 석사 / 대구가톨릭대학교 대학원

[journal] 박미향 / 2014 / Effects of Big Five Personality Factors and Self-esteem on SNS Addiction Tendency in College Students / 재활심리연구 / 한국재활심리학회 21(2) : 189~206

[journal] 박민희 / 2013 / Relationships between Health Behaviors, Mental Health and Internet Addiction by Gender Differences among Korean Adolescents / 한국산학기술학회논문지 / 한국산학기술학회 14(3) : 1283~1293

[thesis] 박서정 / 2005 / 어머니의 정서사회화 행동과 학령기 아동의 정서조절 전략 및 정서조절 능력간의 관계 / 박사 / 성균관대학교 대학원

[thesis] 박선영 / 2014 / 중학생의 우울과 SNS 중독경향성의 관계 : 자기조절을 매개변인으로 / 석사 / 한양대학교 교육대학원

[journal] 박순주 / 2014 / Relation between Smartphone Addiction and Interpersonal Competence of College Students using Social Network Service / 한국콘텐츠학회 논문지 / 한국콘텐츠학회 14(5) : 289~297

[journal] 박순천 / 2004 / Characteristics of MMPI of Adolescent Cellular Phone Addicts / Human Ecology Research / 대한가정학회 42(9) : 135~147

[journal] 박은 / 2017 / The Relationship Among College Students’ Maladaptive Self-Focused Attention, Social Anxiety, and Depression: The Moderating Effect of Reassurance Seeking / 한국심리학회지: 건강 / 한국건강심리학회 22(3) : 669~685

[journal] 백현기 / 2014 / A Study on the relation between adolescent’s smartphone addiction and psychological mindedness / 디지털융복합연구 / 한국디지털정책학회 12(7) : 389~400

[journal] 조성현 / 2013 / An Exploratory Study on Factors Related with SNS Addiction Proneness: Focus on Covert Narcissism, Self-Presentational Motivation, and Sense of Alienation / 한국심리학회지: 건강 / 한국건강심리학회 18(1) : 239~250

[thesis] 서수균 / 1996 / 자기집중적 주의, 실제 자기개념 및 자기 안내자 선호성을 고려한 자기불일치와 우울 및 불안의 관계 / 석사 / 서울大學校大學院

[journal] 성미향 / 2014 / The Influence of self-Discrepancies on Internet Addiction of Middle School Students: The mediating Effects of Daily Life Stress and Societal Anxiety / 청소년학연구 / 한국청소년학회 21(11) : 247~270

[thesis] 손수아 / 2011 / 아동이 지각한 부모의 양육태도와 아동의 정서조절 및 인터넷 중독과의 관계 / 석사 / 한양대학교 교육대학원

[thesis] 송명준 / 2001 / 인터넷 중독자의 온라인 및 면대면 커뮤니케이션 만족도 연구 / 석사 / 고려대학교 대학원

[thesis] 신미경 / 2015 / 대학생의 SNS 중독경향성에 대한 구조모형 검증 : 심리, 사회적 변인과 온라인 상호작용 선호 경향성 및 SNS 이용동기를 중심으로 / 박사 / 인천대학교 대학원

[journal] 양심영 / 2005 / A Prediction Model of Cellular Phone Addiction Tendency among Adolescents / Human Ecology Research / 대한가정학회 43(4) : 1~16

[thesis] 오윤경 / 2012 / SNS중독경향성과 외로움, 우울, 대인관계, 사회적지지의 관계 / 석사 / 한국상담대학원대학교

[journal] 오현이 / 2010 / Relationships between Mental Health, Depression Level, and Internet Addiction among High School Students in Rural Communities / 농촌의학.지역보건 / 한국농촌의학.지역보건학회 35(2) : 124~133

[thesis] 우공선 / 2011 / 모바일 소셜 네트워크 서비스(Mobile Social Network Service)의 이용 충족과 중독 연구 : 트위터(Twitter)를 중심으로 / 석사 / 동국대학교 대학원

[journal] 이경민 / 2004 / Self-concept, Escaping from the Self and Social Support of Internet Addictive User / 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료 / 한국상담심리학회 16(4) : 743~756

[journal] 이상호 / 2013 / A Study on the Factors Influencing the Social Media Addiction with Special Reference to Perception and Flow of Facebook User / 한국언론학보 / 한국언론학회 57(6) : 176~210

[journal] 이소연 / 2010 / The effects of functionally different self-focused attention on depressive mood: ruminative, reflective and experiential processing / 인지행동치료 / 한국인지행동치료학회 10(1) : 75~95

[journal] 이소영 / 2015 / Differences in Depression and Impulsivity depending on Hours Spent on SNS among Korean Adolescents / 한국산학기술학회논문지 / 한국산학기술학회 16(11) : 7607~7616

[thesis] 이신영 / 2015 / 대학생의 실제-이상적 자기불일치가 열등감을 매개로 SNS 중독경향성에 미치는 영향 / 석사 / 성신여자대학교 대학원

[journal] 이은영 / 1991 / 대학생들의 실제적 자기, 이상적 자기, 의무적 자기에 대한 내용 분석 / 정신건강연구 10 : 195~209

[journal] 이정민 / 2012 / The Moderating Effect of Metacognition and Meta-mood on the Relationship between Negative Emotion and Internet Addiction in Adolescents / 한국심리학회지: 건강 / 한국건강심리학회 17(1) : 229~242

[journal] 이정화 / 2017 / The Effect of Loneliness on SNS Addiction: Moderating Effect of Interpersonal Relations Orientation and Its Gender Difference / Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology / 한국임상심리학회 36(2) : 154~164

[thesis] 이주영 / 2017 / 내현적 자기애 성향과 SNS중독경향성의 관계에서 자기은폐 및 우울의 매개효과 / 석사 / 이화여자대학교 대학원

[confproc] 임강희 / 2015 / 청소년의 사회불안이 인터넷 게임중독 미치는 영향 / 한국가정관리학회 학술발표대회 자료집 : 285~285

[journal] 임진 / 2012 / The Influence of Adolescence's Actual-ideal Self Discrepancies on Depression: Mediating effects of the Shame and Ruminative Response Style. / 청소년학연구 / 한국청소년학회 19(1) : 279~306

[journal] 장성화 / 2010 / Effects of Depression Scale, Interaction Anxiety and School Adjustment on Cellular Phone Addiction of Teenagers / 한국콘텐츠학회 논문지 / 한국콘텐츠학회 10(11) : 285~293

[journal] 전겸구 / 2001 / 통합적 한국판 CES-D 개발 / 한국심리학회지 : 건강 6(1) : 59~76

[journal] 전호선 / 2014 / A Study on the Influence of Depression and Stress on Smartphone addiction among University Students: focused on Moderating Effect of Gender / 청소년학연구 / 한국청소년학회 21(8) : 103~129

[journal] 정소영 / 2014 / Development and Validation of SNS Addiction Proneness Scale for College Students / 한국심리학회지: 건강 / 한국건강심리학회 19(1) : 147~166

[journal] 정승교 / 2010 / Influences of Depression, Stress, and Self-efficacy on the Addiction of Cell Phone Use among University Students / 성인간호학회지 / 한국성인간호학회 22(1) : 41~50

[journal] 정아영 / 2017 / The Effects of Socially-Prescribed Perfectionism and Academic Stress on Test Anxiety: Moderated Mediating Effects of Maladaptive Cognitive Emotional Regulation Strategies / 한국심리학회지:학교 / 한국심리학회산하학교심리학회 14(3) : 281~304

[journal] 정한결 / 2018 / The effects of self-discrepancy on SNS commitment tendency among college students: Moderating effects of social support / 한국데이터정보과학회지 / 한국데이터정보과학회 29(2) : 441~452

[thesis] 정희진 / 2014 / 우울과 불안이 청소년 스마트폰 중독에 미치는 영향 / 석사 / 명지대학교 대학원

[thesis] 蔡麗芬 / 2013 / 사회관계형 SNS이용에 따른 부정적 감정유발에 관한 연구 : 페이스북을 중심으로 / 석사 / 숙명여자대학교 대학원

[journal] 최정화 / 2012 / The Influence of SNS Use on Political Efficacy and Political Participation Among Korean College Students / 정치커뮤니케이션연구 / 한국정치커뮤니케이션학회 (27) : 369~408

[journal] 하진미 / 2016 / 수용전념치료(ACT)가 우울과 스마트폰 중독수준이 높은 대학생의 자기통제력, 우울 및 스마트폰 중독 수준에 미치는 효과 / 한국심리학회지 : 중독 1(1) : 1~16

[confproc] 하혜신 / 2007 / 남녀 청소년에 따른 부적응도식, 생활스트레스, 인지적 정서조절 전략과 우울과의 관계 / 한국심리학회 학술대회 자료집 2007(1) : 268~269

[report] 한국인터넷진흥원 / 2018 / 2017년 모바일인터넷이용실태조사 / 한국인터넷진흥원

[journal] 한은미 / 2013 / The effect of self-concept and self-discrepancy on the relationship between Attachment and Internet Use Disorder / 청소년학연구 / 한국청소년학회 20(1) : 243~262

[journal] 한주연 / 2011 / The Mediating Effects of shame and Cognitive coping strategies Between Maladaptive Perfectionism and Depression / 청소년학연구 / 한국청소년학회 18(9) : 169~188

[journal] 함성민 / 2015 / The Mediating Effects of Self Blame Moderated by Ruminative Response Style on the Relationship between Self-focused Attention and Depression: Focused on Gender Differences / 스트레스 硏究 / 대한스트레스학회 23(4) : 225~235

[journal] 황민영 / 2014 / The Relationship between Actual-Ideal Self-discrepancy, Self Efficacy, Social Support and Depressed Mood in Korean High School Students / 한국심리학회지:일반 / 한국심리학회 33(1) : 239~261

[journal] 황희은 / 2015 / Influences of Self-esteem, Social Anxiety and Interpersonal Relation Orientation on the Tendency of Social Network Service Addiction of Middle School Students / 청소년학연구 / 한국청소년학회 22(9) : 233~253

[report] KT경제경영연구소 / 2016 / 2016년 모바일 트렌드 전망 / KT경제경영연구소

[book] Aiken, L. S. / 1991 / Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions / Sage

[journal] Baron, R. M. / 1986 / The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research : Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations / Journal of personality and social psychology 51(6) : 1173~

[book] Brennan, T. / 1982 / Loneliness: A Sourcebook of Current Theory, Research and Therapy : 269~290

[book] Bryant, F. B. / 2017 / Savoring: A new model of positive experience / Psychology Press

[journal] Davis, F. D. / 1989 / Perceived usefulness, Perceived ease of Use and User Acceptance of Information Technology / MIS Quarterly 13(3) : 319~340

[journal] Garnefski, N. / 2007 / The cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire / European Journal of Psychological Assessment 23(3) : 141~149

[journal] Garnefski, N. / 2001 / Negative life envents, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems / Personality and Individual Differences 30 : 1311~1327

[book] Ginzgerg, E. / 1951 / Occupational Choice and Approach to a General Theory / Columbia Univercity Press

[journal] Gramzow, R. H. / 2000 / Aspects of self-regulation and self-structure as predictors of perceived emotional distress / Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 26(2) : 188~205

[journal] Gross, J. J. / 2002 / Emotion regulation : Affective, cognitive, and social consequences / Psychophysiology 39(3) : 281~291

[web] Hayes, A. F. / 2012 / PROCESS: A versatile computational tool for observed variable mediation, moderation, and conditional process modeling / http://www.afhayes.com/public/process2012.pdf]

[journal] Hayes, S. C. / 2008 / Climbing our hills : A beginning conversation on the comparison of acceptance and commitment therapy and traditional cognitive behavioral therapy / Clinical Psychology : Science and Practice 15(4) : 286~295

[journal] Higgins, E. T. / 1986 / Self-discrepancies and emotional vulnerability : How magnitude, accessibility, and type of discrepancy influence affect / Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51(1) : 5~15

[journal] Higgins, E. T. / 1987 / Self-discrepancy : A theory relating self and affect / Psychological Review 94 : 319~340

[journal] Hum, N. J. / 2011 / A picture is worth a thousand words : A content analysis of Facebook profile photographs / Computers in Human Behavior 27(5) : 1828~1833

[journal] Jung, J. / 2001 / Self-schema or self-discrepancy? Which best explains body image? / Clothing and Textiles Research Journal 19(4) : 171~184

[journal] Kim, H. / 2010 / The relationship of body-related self-discrepancy to body dissatisfaction, apparel involvement, concerns with fit and size of garments, and purchase intentions in online apparel shopping / Clothing and Textiles Research Journal 28(4) : 239~254

[journal] Kuss, D. J. / 2011 / Online social networking and addiction-A review of the psychological literature / International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 8(9) : 3528~3552

[book] Lazarus, R. S. / 1984 / The Handbook of Behavioral Medicine / 282-325 : 282~325

[journal] Michikyan, M. / 2014 / Can you tell who I am? Neuroticism, extraversion, and online self-presentation among young adults / Computers in Human Behavior 33 : 179~183

[journal] Moretti, M. M. / 1999 / Self-discrepancy in adolescence: Own and parental standpoints on the self / Merrill-Palmer Quarterly : 624~649

[journal] Neira, B. / 2014 / Social networking site use : Linked to adolescents' social self‐concept, self‐esteem, and depressed mood / Australian Journal of Psychology 66(1) : 56~64

[confproc] Petrie, H. / 1998 / Internet"addiction" : The effects of sex, age, depression, and introversion / British psychological society London conference 15 : 33~43

[journal] Preacher, K. J. / 2007 / Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses : Theory, methods, and prescriptions / Multivariate Behavioral Research 42(1) : 185~227

[journal] Radloff, L. S. / 1977 / The CES-D scale : A self-report depression scale for research in the general population / Applied Psychological Measurement 1(3) : 385~401

[book] Rogers, C. R. / 1966 / Client-centered therapy / American Psychological Association

[journal] Rossman, B. R. / 1992 / School‐age children's perceptions of coping with distress : Strategies for emotion regulation and the moderation of adjustment / Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 33(8) : 1373~1397

[journal] Scott, L. / 1993 / Self-discrepancies in clinically anxious and depressed university students / Journal of Abnormal Psychology 102(2) : 282~287

[web] Smith, G. / 2007 / Social software building blocks / http://nform.ca/publications/social-software-building-block

[journal] Strauman, T. J. / 1989 / Self-discrepancies in clinical depression and social phobia : Cognitive structures that underlie emotional disorders? / Journal of Abnormal Psychology 98(1) : 14~22

[journal] Tan, J. B. / 2011 / Academic expectations as sources of stress in Asian students / Social Psychology of Education 4 : 389~407

[journal] Tangney, J. P. / 1998 / Are shame and guilt related to distinct self-discrepancies? A test of Higgins's(1987)hypotheses / Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 75(1) : 256~268

[journal] Thompson, R. A. / 1994 / Emotion regulation : A theme in search of definition / Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development 59(23) : 25~52

[journal] Toma, C. L. / 2010 / Looks and lies : The role of physical attractiveness in online dating self-presentation and deception / Communication Research 37(3) : 335~351

[journal] Tosun, L. P. / 2012 / Motives for Facebook use and expressing"true self"on the Internet / Computers in Human Behavior 28(4) : 1510~1517

[confproc] Young, K. S. / 1997 / What makes the Internet addictive : Potential explanations for pathological Internet use / 105th annual conference of the American Psychological Association 15 : 12~30

[book] Young, K. S. / 1999 / Innovations in clinical practice: A source book, 17 / Professional Resource Press : 19~31

[book] Young, K. S. / 2011 / Internet addiction: A handbook and guide to evaluation and treatment / John Wiley & Sons, Inc : 19~34

KJCKorea
Journal Central

The Korean Journal of School Psychology 2025 KCI Impact Factor : 2.0