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Gender Formation and the Changes of Masculinity in the Neoliberal Era: Looking for the Ecological Alternative

  • Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University
  • 2018, 75(1), pp.567-600
  • DOI : 10.17326/jhsnu.75.1.201802.567
  • Publisher : Institute of Humanities, Seoul National University
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : December 31, 2017
  • Accepted : January 31, 2018
  • Published : February 28, 2018

Park Hye Young 1

1인하대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the constitutional principles of gender in the neoliberal era from an ecological point of view and examines the characteristics of masculinity as a part of it, and aims to examine the humanistic meaning of this new gender composition. First of all, this paper noticed that the human aspect of homo economicus as an important feature of neo-liberalism appeared on the front. Homo economics means a free individual pursuing a single possessive desire regardless of gender. From an ecological point of view, it is a new view of human beings that emerged after the development of capitalism, that is, with the liberal classical economics of the 18th century. The theoretical discussion on the gender composition principle of homo economicus will be introduced with the idea of Ivan Ilyich, Wendy Brown, and Maria Mies. The complementarity is a principle of gender formation in the non-industrial society before capitalism. The role of gender as a constitutional principle of social community, which looked after nature and coexisted, became more vulnerable to the commercialization of capitalism, both men and women, as they were reduced to individual gender roles by the time of neoliberalism. In the era of neo — liberalism, the destruction of nature and the dismantling of social communities are accelerating, and the rise of humanity as homo economicus strengthens the sexual characteristic of the body. As a result, human beings have been transformed into more isolated and individualized human capital, and this type of commercialization not only increases homophobia, gender discrimination and isolation. This paper suggests that it is necessary to establish an alternative gender concept based on ecology.

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