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The Concealed Metaphor: Jean Starobinski and the Research on Melancholy

  • Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University
  • 2023, 80(3), pp.35-65
  • DOI : 10.17326/jhsnu.80.3.202308.35
  • Publisher : Institute of Humanities, Seoul National University
  • Research Area : Humanities > Other Humanities
  • Received : July 11, 2023
  • Accepted : August 8, 2023
  • Published : August 31, 2023

Younguk Kim 1

1서울대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Through more than half a century of research, from Histoire du traitement de la mélancolie (1960) to Encre de la mélancolie (2012), Jean Starobinski became a leading historian of ideas on melancholy. The purpose of this paper is to ask what the definition, history, and implications of melancholy are from Starobinski’s long conducted investigation in both medical history and literary history. The paper proceeds in the following steps. First, from Histoire du traitement de la mélancolie, the essential relationship between the phenomenon of melancholy and metaphor is extracted and defined as concealed metaphor. Then, focusing on Relation critique (1970), it examines, in the history of melancholy, the consequences of a condition of modernity: the differentiation of scientific language and poetic language. On this historical condition, melancholy serves as a mode in which modern subjectivity is devised through the various intersections of two languages. This proposition is supported by cases from both literary history and medical history. Montaigne en movement (1960) and Mélancolie au miroir (1989) are examples of literary criticism, and two medical history treatises included in Relation critique are examples of the study of scientific discourses. Finally, by suggesting the possibility of seriously treating depression memoirs as an important genre in modern society, this paper reveals one implication of Starobinski’s melancholy research and at the same time contributes a piece of evidence to his thought. The “pensée mélancolique”, which questions, by considering the problem of metaphor, the essential relationship between individual and society, mind and body, nature and civilization, is a major foundation of European consciousness from ancient times to modern times. In particular, Starobinski traces the modern aspects of this cultural paradigm by carefully examining individual cases.

Citation status

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