@article{ART003183705},
author={Daniel Sung-Min Yoon},
title={UNKRA Technical Assistance of the ‘Shiheung Crystalline Graphite’ Mining Project},
journal={Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University},
issn={1598-3021},
year={2025},
volume={82},
number={1},
pages={45-79},
doi={10.17326/jhsnu.82.1.202502.45}
TY - JOUR
AU - Daniel Sung-Min Yoon
TI - UNKRA Technical Assistance of the ‘Shiheung Crystalline Graphite’ Mining Project
JO - Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University
PY - 2025
VL - 82
IS - 1
PB - Institute of Humanities, Seoul National University
SP - 45
EP - 79
SN - 1598-3021
AB - This paper examines the Shiheung Crystalline Graphite Mine, located in Gunja-myeon, Shiheung, through its project of exploration, reconstruction planning, and implementation under the United Nations Korea Reconstruction Agency (UNKRA) mining technical assistance program in the post-Korean War period. With substantial graphite reserves and a strategic geographical location, the mine was a significant addition to regional and national economic development. UNKRA’s 1950s development plan aimed to modernize the mine through new plant construction, equipment procurement, technical assistance. However, the project encountered delays due to insufficient funding, mismanagement of aid supplies, and unsuccessful foreign contracting, exposing broader inefficiencies of South Korea’s aid system at the time. While industrial production began only after UNKRA’s dissolution in June 1958, the agency’s efforts revitalized the mining sector, a bedrock of South Korea’s export economy in the 1950s. UNKRA technical assistance facilitated the introduction of ‘modern’ American systems of underground resource management through technology transfer and marked an important turning point in the revitalizing and modernizating of the Korean mining industry through continuous production expansion into the 1960s.
KW - Aid to Korea;Project Assistance;United Nations Korea Reconstruction Agency (UNKRA);Mining;Gyeonggi-do;Shiheung;Mineral Resources;Graphite
DO - 10.17326/jhsnu.82.1.202502.45
ER -
Daniel Sung-Min Yoon. (2025). UNKRA Technical Assistance of the ‘Shiheung Crystalline Graphite’ Mining Project. Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University, 82(1), 45-79.
Daniel Sung-Min Yoon. 2025, "UNKRA Technical Assistance of the ‘Shiheung Crystalline Graphite’ Mining Project", Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University, vol.82, no.1 pp.45-79. Available from: doi:10.17326/jhsnu.82.1.202502.45
Daniel Sung-Min Yoon "UNKRA Technical Assistance of the ‘Shiheung Crystalline Graphite’ Mining Project" Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University 82.1 pp.45-79 (2025) : 45.
Daniel Sung-Min Yoon. UNKRA Technical Assistance of the ‘Shiheung Crystalline Graphite’ Mining Project. 2025; 82(1), 45-79. Available from: doi:10.17326/jhsnu.82.1.202502.45
Daniel Sung-Min Yoon. "UNKRA Technical Assistance of the ‘Shiheung Crystalline Graphite’ Mining Project" Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University 82, no.1 (2025) : 45-79.doi: 10.17326/jhsnu.82.1.202502.45
Daniel Sung-Min Yoon. UNKRA Technical Assistance of the ‘Shiheung Crystalline Graphite’ Mining Project. Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University, 82(1), 45-79. doi: 10.17326/jhsnu.82.1.202502.45
Daniel Sung-Min Yoon. UNKRA Technical Assistance of the ‘Shiheung Crystalline Graphite’ Mining Project. Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University. 2025; 82(1) 45-79. doi: 10.17326/jhsnu.82.1.202502.45
Daniel Sung-Min Yoon. UNKRA Technical Assistance of the ‘Shiheung Crystalline Graphite’ Mining Project. 2025; 82(1), 45-79. Available from: doi:10.17326/jhsnu.82.1.202502.45
Daniel Sung-Min Yoon. "UNKRA Technical Assistance of the ‘Shiheung Crystalline Graphite’ Mining Project" Journal of Humanities, Seoul National University 82, no.1 (2025) : 45-79.doi: 10.17326/jhsnu.82.1.202502.45
